योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-8, verse-21

अस्माभिरपरै राम पुरुषैर्मुनितां गतैः ।
पौरुषेणैव संप्राप्ता चिरं गगनगामिता ॥ २१ ॥

asmābhiraparai rāma puruṣairmunitāṃ gataiḥ ,
pauruṣeṇaiva saṃprāptā ciraṃ gaganagāmitā 21

21. asmābhiḥ aparaiḥ rāma puruṣaiḥ munitām gataiḥ
pauruṣeṇa eva samprāptā ciram gaganagāmitā

21. rāma,
asmābhiḥ aparaiḥ munitām gataiḥ puruṣaiḥ pauruṣeṇa eva ciram gaganagāmitā samprāptā

21. O Rāma, by us and by other men who have attained the state of sagehood, the ability to move in the sky (gaganagāmitā) has been achieved through human effort (pauruṣa) alone, and this for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• अपरैः (aparaiḥ) - by others, by other

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men, by persons

• मुनिताम् (munitām) - the state of being a sage, sagehood

• गतैः (gataiḥ) - having gone, having attained, having reached

• पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - by human effort, by manliness, by valor

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• सम्प्राप्ता (samprāptā) - attained, achieved, reached

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, lasting, long

• गगनगामिता (gaganagāmitā) - the ability to move in the sky, sky-faring

Words meanings and morphology

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of aham

aham - I, we

First person pronoun base.

Note: Refers to the speaker and his group of sages.

अपरैः (aparaiḥ) - by others, by other

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent

Note: Modifies `puruṣaiḥ`.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the epic hero)

Note: Address to Rāma.

पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men, by persons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

a-stem masculine noun.

Root: pṛ (class 10)

Note: The agents of the action, along with 'us'.

मुनिताम् (munitām) - the state of being a sage, sagehood

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of munitā

munitā - the state or quality of a sage, sagehood

From `muni` (sage) + suffix `tā`.

Note: Object of `gataiḥ`.

गतैः (gataiḥ) - having gone, having attained, having reached

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, reached, obtained, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root `gam` (to go, attain).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `puruṣaiḥ` ("men who have attained").

पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - by human effort, by manliness, by valor

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - human effort (pauruṣa), manliness, valor, human deed

From `puruṣa` (man, cosmic person) + suffix `aṇ`.

Note: Instrumental of means.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes `pauruṣeṇa`.

सम्प्राप्ता (samprāptā) - attained, achieved, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - attained, achieved, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `āp` (to obtain, reach) with prefixes `sam` and `pra`.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Feminine singular nominative, modifying `gaganagāmitā`.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, lasting, long

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially.

Note: Adverb modifying `samprāptā`.

गगनगामिता (gaganagāmitā) - the ability to move in the sky, sky-faring

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gaganagāmitā

gaganagāmitā - the state of moving in the sky, sky-faring, ability to fly

Compound `gagana` (sky) + `gāmin` (going) + `tā` (state of being).

Compound type : tatpurusha (gagana+gāmin+tā)

• gagana – sky, atmosphere
  noun (neuter)
• gāmin – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root `gam`
  From root `gam` (to go) + suffix `-in`.
  Root: gam (class 1)
• tā – state, quality (suffix)
  suffix (feminine)
  Suffix forming abstract feminine nouns.

Note: The object that was achieved.

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