योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-8, verse-13

नामूर्तेस्तेन सङ्गोऽस्ति नभसेव वपुष्मतः ।
मूर्तं च दृश्यते लग्नं तस्माद्दैवं न विद्यते ॥ १३ ॥

nāmūrtestena saṅgo'sti nabhaseva vapuṣmataḥ ,
mūrtaṃ ca dṛśyate lagnaṃ tasmāddaivaṃ na vidyate 13

13. na amūrteḥ tena saṅgaḥ asti nabhasā eva vapuṣmataḥ
mūrtam ca dṛśyate lagnam tasmāt daivam na vidyate

13. tena amūrteḥ saṅgaḥ na asti
nabhasā eva vapuṣmataḥ (saṅgaḥ na
asti iva) mūrtam ca lagnam dṛśyate
(eva) tasmāt daivam na vidyate

13. Therefore, a formless entity has no interaction (saṅga) with anything, just as an embodied being (vapuṣmat) has no interaction with the sky (nabhas). Moreover, only that which has form (mūrta) is observed to be joined or connected. Therefore, destiny (daiva) does not exist.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अमूर्तेः (amūrteḥ) - of a formless entity (like destiny) (of the formless, of the bodiless)

• तेन (tena) - therefore (referring to the general principle that formless cannot interact, as established in the preceding context) (by that, by him, therefore)

• सङ्गः (saṅgaḥ) - interaction, contact (contact, attachment, connection, association)

• अस्ति (asti) - exists, there is (is, exists, there is)

• नभसा (nabhasā) - with the sky (as the formless entity in the analogy) (by the sky, with the sky, through the atmosphere)

• एव (eva) - just as, similarly (just, only, indeed, like)

• वपुष्मतः (vapuṣmataḥ) - of an embodied being (of the embodied one, of the one having a body)

• मूर्तम् (mūrtam) - that which has form, the material (formed, embodied, material, solid)

• च (ca) - moreover, and (and, also, moreover)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is observed, is seen (is seen, appears, is observed)

• लग्नम् (lagnam) - attached, connected (attached, connected, joined, fixed)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• दैवम् (daivam) - destiny (daiva) (divine, destiny, fate)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (is found, exists, is present)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अमूर्तेः (amūrteḥ) - of a formless entity (like destiny) (of the formless, of the bodiless)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of amūrta

amūrta - formless, bodiless, incorporeal

Compound of 'a-' (negation) and 'mūrta' (formed, embodied).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (a+mūrta)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
  Negative prefix.
• mūrta – formed, embodied, material, solid
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √mūrch (to become stiff, solid, embodied).
  Root: mūrch (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun "of the formless one/thing".

तेन (tena) - therefore (referring to the general principle that formless cannot interact, as established in the preceding context) (by that, by him, therefore)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Instrumental singular of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'. Often used to mean "therefore" or "by that (reason)". Can also be used to mean "with that" here, if interpreting 'saṅgaḥ asti' as 'is in contact'.

Note: It's a bit ambiguous, but "therefore" or "on that account" fits the overall argument.

सङ्गः (saṅgaḥ) - interaction, contact (contact, attachment, connection, association)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅga

saṅga - contact, attachment, connection, association

From prefix sam- + root √gam (to go), implying 'going together' or 'contact'.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - exists, there is (is, exists, there is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present, 3rd person, singular, active voice of root √as.

Root: as (class 2)

नभसा (nabhasā) - with the sky (as the formless entity in the analogy) (by the sky, with the sky, through the atmosphere)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nabhas

nabhas - sky, atmosphere, ether

Note: Used in comparison.

एव (eva) - just as, similarly (just, only, indeed, like)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle, used for comparison here.

वपुष्मतः (vapuṣmataḥ) - of an embodied being (of the embodied one, of the one having a body)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vapuṣmat

vapuṣmat - embodied, having a body

Derived from vapuṣ (body) + -mat (possessive suffix).

Note: Functions as a noun "of the embodied one".

मूर्तम् (mūrtam) - that which has form, the material (formed, embodied, material, solid)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūrta

mūrta - formed, embodied, material, solid

Past Passive Participle

From root √mūrch (to become stiff, solid, embodied).

Root: mūrch (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun "the formed/material thing".

च (ca) - moreover, and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is observed, is seen (is seen, appears, is observed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

From root √dṛś (to see), in passive voice, present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

लग्नम् (lagnam) - attached, connected (attached, connected, joined, fixed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lagna

lagna - attached, connected, joined, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From root √lag (to attach, cling).

Root: lag (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad', often used adverbially to mean "therefore".

दैवम् (daivam) - destiny (daiva) (divine, destiny, fate)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, celestial, destiny, fate

Derived from deva (god) + -a (adjectival suffix), then used as a neuter noun meaning "destiny" or "fate" or "divine power". Here used as a noun.

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (is found, exists, is present)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

From root √vid (to know, find), Middle voice (ātmanepada) present, 3rd person, singular.

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Often used impersonally to mean "there is" or "exists".