योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-8, verse-18

कालविद्भिर्विनिर्णीता यस्यातिचिरजीविता ।
स चेज्जीवति संछिन्नशिरास्तद्दैवमुत्तमम् ॥ १८ ॥

kālavidbhirvinirṇītā yasyāticirajīvitā ,
sa cejjīvati saṃchinnaśirāstaddaivamuttamam 18

18. kālavidbhiḥ vinirṇītā yasya aticirājīvitā saḥ
cet jīvati saṃchinnasirāḥ tat daivam uttamam

18. yasya aticirājīvitā kālavidbhiḥ vinirṇītā,
saḥ cet saṃchinnasirāḥ jīvati,
tat daivam uttamam

18. If a person, whose exceptionally long life has been ascertained by astrologers, were to live on even with his head severed, then that indeed demonstrates the supremacy of destiny (daiva).

18. אם אדם שאסטרולוגים חיזאי-זמן ניבאו לו אריכות ימים מופלגת, היה מוסיף לחיות גם לאחר שראשו נכרת - כי אז אמנם היה הגורל עליון!

Words meanings summery:

• कालविद्भिः (kālavidbhiḥ) - by the knowers of time, by astrologers, by chronologers

• विनिर्णीता (vinirṇītā) - determined, ascertained, decided

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• अतिचिराजीविता (aticirājīvitā) - exceedingly long life, great longevity

• सः (saḥ) - he

• चेत् (cet) - if, supposing that

• जीवति (jīvati) - lives, exists

• संछिन्नसिराः (saṁchinnasirāḥ) - with his head cut off, decapitated

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore, then

• दैवम् (daivam) - destiny, fate, divine power

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

Words meanings and morphology

कालविद्भिः (kālavidbhiḥ) - by the knowers of time, by astrologers, by chronologers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kālavid

kālavid - knower of time, astrologer, chronologer

From `kāla` (time) and `vid` (knower, from `vid` verb root 'to know'). Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+vid)

• kāla – time, period
  noun (masculine)
• vid – knower, learned
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid- 'to know'
  Root: vid (class 2)

विनिर्णीता (vinirṇītā) - determined, ascertained, decided

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vinirṇīta

vinirṇīta - determined, ascertained, decided

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `nī` (to lead) with prefixes `vi` and `nir`.

Prefixes: vi+nir

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Feminine singular nominative, modifying `aticirājīvitā`.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun base.

Note: Refers to 'a person'.

अतिचिराजीविता (aticirājīvitā) - exceedingly long life, great longevity

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aticirājīvitā

aticirājīvitā - exceedingly long life, great longevity

Compound noun (Karmadhāraya) formed from `ati` (excessive) + `cira` (long time) + `jīvita` (life) with feminine suffix.

Compound type : karmadharaya (ati+cira+jīvita)

• ati – very, excessively, beyond
  indeclinable
• cira – long time, lasting
  adjective
• jīvita – life, living
  noun (neuter)
  From root `jīv` (to live). The feminine `-ā` ending makes it a feminine noun.
  Root: jīv (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun base.

Note: Refers to the person whose longevity is predicted.

चेत् (cet) - if, supposing that

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle.

जीवति (jīvati) - lives, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present active indicative

From root `jīv` (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

संछिन्नसिराः (saṁchinnasirāḥ) - with his head cut off, decapitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃchinnasiras

saṁchinnasiras - one whose head is cut off, decapitated

`sam` (completely) + `chinna` (cut) + `śiras` (head). `chinna` is PPP of `chid`.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sam+chinna+śiras)

• sam – together, completely, well
  indeclinable
  Prefix to `chinna`.
• chinna – cut, severed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `chid` (to cut).
  Root: chid (class 7)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

Note: Masculine nominative singular, modifying `saḥ`.

तत् (tat) - that, therefore, then

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun base.

Note: Used as an adverbial particle here.

दैवम् (daivam) - destiny, fate, divine power

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - destiny (daiva), fate, divine power, relating to gods

From `deva` (god) + suffix `-a` forming an adjective, then used as a neuter noun.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - best, excellent, highest, supreme

Superlative form of `ud` (up) or `ut`.

Note: Neuter singular nominative, modifying `daivam`.

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