वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-89, verse-7

एवं स कालः सुमहान् राज्यस्थस्य महात्मनः ।
धर्मे प्रयतमानस्य व्यतीयाद् राघवस्य तु ॥७॥

7. evaṃ sa kālaḥ sumahān rājyasthasya mahātmanaḥ ,
dharme prayatamānasya vyatīyād rāghavasya tu.

7. evam saḥ kālaḥ sumahān rājyasthasya mahātmanaḥ
dharme prayatamānasya vyatīyāt rāghavasya tu

7. evam tu rājyasthasya dharme prayatamānasya
mahātmanaḥ rāghavasya saḥ sumahān kālaḥ vyatīyāt

7. Thus, that very great period of time passed for the great-souled Rāghava (Rāma), who was ruling the kingdom and diligently upholding his natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, period

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly large

• राज्यस्थस्य (rājyasthasya) - of him who is in the kingdom, of the one ruling the kingdom

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one

• धर्मे (dharme) - in his natural law or duty as a ruler (in the natural law, in the constitutional duty, in righteousness)

• प्रयतमनस्य (prayatamanasya) - of the one diligently upholding (of him who was striving, of the one endeavoring)

• व्यतीयात् (vyatīyāt) - it passed, it went by

• राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rāghava, of Rāma

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'kālaḥ'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, period

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, destiny

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense, excellent

'su' (prefix for good/very) + 'mahat' (great)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix used to intensify meaning.
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)

राज्यस्थस्य (rājyasthasya) - of him who is in the kingdom, of the one ruling the kingdom

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājyastha

rājyastha - situated in the kingdom, residing in the kingdom, ruling the kingdom

From 'rājya' (kingdom) + 'stha' (standing/situated).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+stha)

• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty, rule
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• stha – standing, situated, existing, remaining
  adjective
  Derived from root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous; a great person

'mahā' (great) + 'ātman' (soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, important
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  From root an (to breathe).
  Root: an (class 2)

धर्मे (dharme) - in his natural law or duty as a ruler (in the natural law, in the constitutional duty, in righteousness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious ordinance

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रयतमनस्य (prayatamanasya) - of the one diligently upholding (of him who was striving, of the one endeavoring)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prayatatamāna

prayatatamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself, making an effort

Present Middle Participle

From root yat (to strive) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

व्यतीयात् (vyatīyāt) - it passed, it went by

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vyatī

Aorist

3rd person singular, active voice. Root i (to go) with prefixes vi and ati.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rāghava, of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rāma

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)