वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-89, verse-11

अथ दीर्घस्य कालस्य राममाता यशस्विनी ।
पुत्रपौत्रैः परिवृता कालधर्ममुपागमत् ॥११॥

11. atha dīrghasya kālasya rāmamātā yaśasvinī ,
putrapautraiḥ parivṛtā kāladharmamupāgamat.

11. atha dīrghasya kālasya rāmamātā yaśasvinī
putrapautraiḥ parivṛtā kāladharmam upāgamat

11. atha dīrghasya kālasya yaśasvinī rāmamātā
putrapautraiḥ parivṛtā kāladharmam upāgamat

11. Then, after a long time, the renowned mother of Rāma, surrounded by her sons and grandsons, approached the law of time (kāladharma).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, now

• दीर्घस्य (dīrghasya) - of long

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

• राममाता (rāmamātā) - Rāma's mother (Kaushalya)

• यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - renowned, glorious, famous

• पुत्रपौत्रैः (putrapautraiḥ) - by sons and grandsons

• परिवृता (parivṛtā) - surrounded, accompanied by

• कालधर्मम् (kāladharmam) - the law of time (kāladharma), implying death or the natural end of life (the law of time, destiny, death)

• उपागमत् (upāgamat) - approached, attained, reached

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, now

(indeclinable)

दीर्घस्य (dīrghasya) - of long

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, extended, lasting

Note: Agrees with kālasya

कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, duration

Note: Refers to a long period of time

राममाता (rāmamātā) - Rāma's mother (Kaushalya)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rāmamātṛ

rāmamātṛ - mother of Rāma (Kaushalya)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāma+mātṛ)

• rāma – Rāma (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram
• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)

यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - renowned, glorious, famous

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, renowned

Derived from yaśas (glory) + -vin suffix

Note: Agrees with rāmamātā

पुत्रपौत्रैः (putrapautraiḥ) - by sons and grandsons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putrapautra

putrapautra - sons and grandsons

Compound type : dvandva (putra+pautra)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• pautra – grandson
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental case with 'parivṛtā'

परिवृता (parivṛtā) - surrounded, accompanied by

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, accompanied by

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rāmamātā

कालधर्मम् (kāladharmam) - the law of time (kāladharma), implying death or the natural end of life (the law of time, destiny, death)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāladharma

kāladharma - the law of time, natural course of time, destiny, death

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+dharma)

• kāla – time, destiny
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, principle
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ

Note: Object of upāgamat

उपागमत् (upāgamat) - approached, attained, reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upāgam

Imperfect active indicative

Augment 'a' + root gam with prefixes upa and ā

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)