वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-6, verse-16

वानराणां हि वीराणां सहस्रैः परिवारितः ।
रामो ऽभ्येति पुरीं लङ्कामस्माकमुपरोधकः ॥१६॥

16. vānarāṇāṃ hi vīrāṇāṃ sahasraiḥ parivāritaḥ ,
rāmo'bhyeti purīṃ laṅkāmasmākamuparodhakaḥ.

16. vānārāṇām hi vīrāṇām sahasraiḥ parivāritaḥ
rāmaḥ abhyeti purīm laṅkām asmākam uparodhakaḥ

16. hi vīrāṇām vānārāṇām sahasraiḥ parivāritaḥ
rāmaḥ asmākam uparodhakaḥ laṅkām purīm abhyeti

16. Indeed, surrounded by thousands of heroic monkeys, Rāma is approaching the city of Laṅkā, which is a hindrance to us.

Words meanings summery:

• वानाराणाम् (vānārāṇām) - of monkeys, of apes

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• वीराणाम् (vīrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave ones

• सहस्रैः (sahasraiḥ) - by thousands

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (proper name)

• अभ्येति (abhyeti) - approaches, comes near

• पुरीम् (purīm) - city, town

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā (proper name of a city)

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of us, our

• उपरोधकः (uparodhakaḥ) - hindrance, obstructer, oppressor

Words meanings and morphology

वानाराणाम् (vānārāṇām) - of monkeys, of apes

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

वीराणाम् (vīrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty

Note: Adjective modifying vānārāṇām, agreeing in gender, number, and case.

सहस्रैः (sahasraiḥ) - by thousands

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vṛ (to cover, enclose) with prefix pari and causative suffix, then past passive participle suffix -ta.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa); pleasing, charming

अभ्येति (abhyeti) - approaches, comes near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of abhi-i

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

पुरीम् (purīm) - city, town

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā (proper name of a city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (name of the capital of Rāvaṇa, traditionally identified with Ceylon)

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of us, our

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

उपरोधकः (uparodhakaḥ) - hindrance, obstructer, oppressor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uparodhaka

uparodhaka - hindering, obstructing, oppressing, one who obstructs

Derived from upa-rudh + ṇvul (aka aka) suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: rudh (class 7)

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