वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-29, verse-13

ते त्वदीर्घेण कालेन गिरिमारुह्य सर्वतः ।
ददृशुः शिखरे तस्य विषक्तामिव खे पुरीम् ॥१३॥

13. te tvadīrgheṇa kālena girimāruhya sarvataḥ ,
dadṛśuḥ śikhare tasya viṣaktāmiva khe purīm.

13. te tu adīrgheṇa kālena girim āruhya sarvataḥ
dadṛśuḥ śikhare tasya viṣaktām iva khe purīm

13. te tu adīrgheṇa kālena sarvataḥ girim āruhya
tasya śikhare khe viṣaktām iva purīm dadṛśuḥ

13. In a short time, having ascended the mountain from all sides, they saw on its peak a city that appeared to be suspended in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (monkeys) (they, those)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, and, on the other hand

• अदीर्घेण (adīrgheṇa) - by not long, in a short (time)

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time

• गिरिम् (girim) - mountain, hill

• आरुह्य (āruhya) - having ascended, having climbed

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

• शिखरे (śikhare) - on the peak, on the summit

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (mountain) (of that, of it)

• विषक्ताम् (viṣaktām) - stuck, attached, fixed

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• खे (khe) - in the sky, in the air

• पुरीम् (purīm) - city, town, stronghold

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (monkeys) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Vānaras (monkeys).

तु (tu) - but, indeed, and, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अदीर्घेण (adīrgheṇa) - by not long, in a short (time)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adīrgha

adīrgha - not long, short

Derived from 'dīrgha' (long) with the negative prefix 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dīrgha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dīrgha – long, extensive
  adjective

Note: Agrees with 'kālena'.

कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, proper season

गिरिम् (girim) - mountain, hill

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Note: Object of 'āruhya'.

आरुह्य (āruhya) - having ascended, having climbed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'ruh' (to ascend) with prefix 'ā' and suffix 'lyap'.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sarva' (all) with suffix 'tas'.

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of dṛś

perfect active

Perfect third person plural of root 'dṛś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शिखरे (śikhare) - on the peak, on the summit

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śikhara

śikhara - peak, summit, top, crest

तस्य (tasya) - of that (mountain) (of that, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'giri' (mountain).

विषक्ताम् (viṣaktām) - stuck, attached, fixed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viṣakta

viṣakta - stuck, attached, fixed, clinging

past passive participle

Derived from root 'sañj' (to cling, attach) with prefix 'vi' and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

खे (khe) - in the sky, in the air

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, atmosphere, space, air

पुरीम् (purīm) - city, town, stronghold

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, stronghold

Note: Object of 'dadṛśuḥ'.