वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-39, verse-15

तद्वनं मथितैर्वृक्षैर्भिन्नैश्च सलिलाशयैः ।
चूर्णितैः पर्वताग्रैश्च बभूवाप्रियदर्शनम् ॥१५॥

15. tadvanaṃ mathitairvṛkṣairbhinnaiśca salilāśayaiḥ ,
cūrṇitaiḥ parvatāgraiśca babhūvāpriyadarśanam.

15. tat vanam mathitaiḥ vṛkṣaiḥ bhinnaiḥ ca salilāśayaiḥ
cūrṇitaiḥ parvatāgraiḥ ca babhūva apriyadarśanam

15. tat vanam mathitaiḥ vṛkṣaiḥ bhinnaiḥ ca salilāśayaiḥ
cūrṇitaiḥ ca parvatāgraiḥ apriyadarśanam babhūva

15. That forest became an unpleasant sight, its trees having been crushed, its reservoirs of water shattered, and its mountain peaks pulverized.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (forest) (that, it)

• वनम् (vanam) - the forest (forest, wood, grove)

• मथितैः (mathitaiḥ) - by the crushed (trees) (by the crushed, by the devastated, by the churned)

• वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - by trees

• भिन्नैः (bhinnaiḥ) - by the shattered (reservoirs) (by the broken, by the shattered)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सलिलाशयैः (salilāśayaiḥ) - by reservoirs of water (by reservoirs of water, by ponds)

• चूर्णितैः (cūrṇitaiḥ) - by the pulverized (mountain peaks) (by the crushed, by the pulverized)

• पर्वताग्रैः (parvatāgraiḥ) - by mountain peaks

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• बभूव (babhūva) - it became (became, was)

• अप्रियदर्शनम् (apriyadarśanam) - an unpleasant sight (unpleasant to look at, ugly, unsightly)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (forest) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Neuter nominative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

वनम् (vanam) - the forest (forest, wood, grove)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Neuter nominative singular form.

Root: van (class 1)

मथितैः (mathitaiḥ) - by the crushed (trees) (by the crushed, by the devastated, by the churned)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mathita

mathita - churned, crushed, agitated, devastated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'math' (to churn, agitate) with suffix 'ta'. As an adjective, it takes noun inflections. Instrumental plural form.

Root: math (class 1)

वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - by trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree, plant

Instrumental plural form.

भिन्नैः (bhinnaiḥ) - by the shattered (reservoirs) (by the broken, by the shattered)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhinna

bhinna - broken, shattered, split, different

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhid' (to break, split) with suffix 'na'. As an adjective, it takes noun inflections. Instrumental plural form.

Root: bhid (class 7)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सलिलाशयैः (salilāśayaiḥ) - by reservoirs of water (by reservoirs of water, by ponds)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of salilāśaya

salilāśaya - reservoir of water, pond, lake

Instrumental plural form.

Compound type : tatpurusha (salila+āśaya)

• salila – water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sal (class 1)
• āśaya – receptacle, reservoir, abode, intention
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'śī' (to lie, rest) with prefix 'ā' and suffix 'a'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śī (class 2)

चूर्णितैः (cūrṇitaiḥ) - by the pulverized (mountain peaks) (by the crushed, by the pulverized)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of cūrṇita

cūrṇita - crushed, pulverized, powdered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'cūrṇ' (to crush, grind) with suffix 'ita'. As an adjective, it takes noun inflections. Instrumental plural form.

Root: cūrṇ (class 10)

पर्वताग्रैः (parvatāgraiḥ) - by mountain peaks

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parvatāgra

parvatāgra - mountain peak, summit of a mountain

Instrumental plural form.

Compound type : tatpurusha (parvata+agra)

• parvata – mountain, hill, rock
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, point, peak, summit, front
  noun (neuter)
  Root: aj (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

बभूव (babhūva) - it became (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of bhū

Perfect Active

Root 'bhū' (to be) in the perfect tense (Lit), 3rd person singular active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अप्रियदर्शनम् (apriyadarśanam) - an unpleasant sight (unpleasant to look at, ugly, unsightly)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apriyadarśana

apriyadarśana - unpleasant to look at, ugly, unsightly

Negation 'a' + 'priyadarśana' (pleasant to see). Neuter nominative singular form.

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+priyadarśana)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• priyadarśana – pleasant to see, lovely, beautiful
  adjective
  Compound of 'priya' (dear, pleasant) and 'darśana' (sight, seeing).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vanam'.

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