वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-66, verse-2

तिष्ठतः किं नु मां दृष्ट्वा क्षुधार्तं क्षत्रियर्षभौ ।
आहारार्थं तु संदिष्टौ दैवेन गतचेतसौ ॥२॥

2. tiṣṭhataḥ kiṃ nu māṃ dṛṣṭvā kṣudhārtaṃ kṣatriyarṣabhau ,
āhārārthaṃ tu saṃdiṣṭau daivena gatacetasau.

2. tiṣṭhataḥ kim nu mām dṛṣṭvā kṣudhārtam kṣatriyarṣabhau
| āhārārtham tu saṃdiṣṭau daivena gatacetasau

2. kṣatriyarṣabhau,
kṣudhārtam mām dṛṣṭvā kim nu tiṣṭhataḥ? tu daivena āhārārtham gatacetasau saṃdiṣṭau (yuvām)

2. “O best of Kṣatriyas, why do you two stand here, having seen me distressed by hunger? Indeed, you two have been sent by destiny, utterly bewildered, to serve as my food.”

Words meanings summery:

• तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - you two stand, are standing

• किम् (kim) - why? (what?, why?, whether)

• नु (nu) - an interrogative particle, emphasizing the question (then, indeed, now, for)

• माम् (mām) - me

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• क्षुधार्तम् (kṣudhārtam) - distressed by hunger, hungry

• क्षत्रियर्षभौ (kṣatriyarṣabhau) - Referring to Rama and Lakṣmaṇa (O best of Kṣatriyas, O leading warriors)

• आहारार्थम् (āhārārtham) - for the purpose of food, for food

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• संदिष्टौ (saṁdiṣṭau) - sent, dispatched

• दैवेन (daivena) - by fate, by destiny, by divine will

• गतचेतसौ (gatacetasau) - bewildered, having lost their sense of direction/awareness (of the trap) (whose minds are gone, bewildered, unconscious (of danger))

Words meanings and morphology

तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - you two stand, are standing

(verb)

2nd person , dual, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Present active indicative

From root `sthā` (to stand), reduplicated present stem `tiṣṭha`

Root: sthā (class 1)

किम् (kim) - why? (what?, why?, whether)

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - an interrogative particle, emphasizing the question (then, indeed, now, for)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Accusative singular of `aham`

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `dṛś` (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

क्षुधार्तम् (kṣudhārtam) - distressed by hunger, hungry

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣudhārta

kṣudhārta - distressed by hunger, hungry, starved

`kṣudhā` (hunger) + `ārta` (distressed, afflicted)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣudhā+ārta)

• kṣudhā – hunger, appetite
  noun (feminine)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `ṛ` (to go, move) with prefix `ā`
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Accusative singular masculine, qualifying `mām`

क्षत्रियर्षभौ (kṣatriyarṣabhau) - Referring to Rama and Lakṣmaṇa (O best of Kṣatriyas, O leading warriors)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, dual of kṣatriyarṣabha

kṣatriyarṣabha - bull among Kṣatriyas, excellent Kṣatriya, best of warriors

`kṣatriya` (warrior class) + `ṛṣabha` (bull, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatriya+ṛṣabha)

• kṣatriya – member of the warrior class, warrior, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative dual masculine

आहारार्थम् (āhārārtham) - for the purpose of food, for food

(indeclinable)

`āhāra` (food) + `artha` (purpose, sake)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āhāra+artha)

• āhāra – food, eating, consumption
  noun (masculine)
  From `ā-hṛ` (to take, bring)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative, for purpose

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

संदिष्टौ (saṁdiṣṭau) - sent, dispatched

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃdiṣṭa

saṁdiṣṭa - sent, dispatched, commissioned

Past Passive Participle

From root `diś` (to show, order) with prefix `sam`

Prefix: sam

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the implied "you two" (Rama and Lakshmana)

दैवेन (daivena) - by fate, by destiny, by divine will

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - fate, destiny, divine power, divine will

From `deva` (god) + `aṇ` (suffix for "related to")

Note: Instrumental singular neuter

गतचेतसौ (gatacetasau) - bewildered, having lost their sense of direction/awareness (of the trap) (whose minds are gone, bewildered, unconscious (of danger))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gatacetas

gatacetas - one whose mind (cetas) is gone (gata), bewildered, unconscious, foolish

`gata` (gone) + `cetas` (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+cetas)

• gata – gone, departed, reached, understood
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `gam` (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Nominative dual masculine, qualifying the implied "you two"