वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-25, verse-5

हितबुद्ध्या खलु वचो मयैतदभिधीयते ।
सदा सुखं न जानामि दुःखमेव सदा वनम् ॥५॥

5. hitabuddhyā khalu vaco mayaitadabhidhīyate ,
sadā sukhaṃ na jānāmi duḥkhameva sadā vanam.

5. hitabuddhyā khalu vacaḥ mayā etat abhidhīyate
sadā sukham na jānāmi duḥkham eva sadā vanam

5. khalu etat vacaḥ mayā hitabuddhyā abhidhīyate
sadā sukham na jānāmi vanam sadā duḥkham eva

5. Indeed, this statement (vacaḥ) is spoken by me with benevolent intention (hitabuddhi). I know no happiness there ever; the forest (vana) is always only suffering (duḥkha).

Words meanings summery:

• हितबुद्ध्या (hitabuddhyā) - out of concern for your well-being (with benevolent intention, for welfare)

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, emphasizing the truth of the statement (indeed, certainly, surely)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - this statement I am making (word, speech, statement)

• मया (mayā) - by me, Rama (by me)

• एतत् (etat) - this (statement) (this (neuter))

• अभिधीयते (abhidhīyate) - this statement is spoken (is said, is spoken)

• सदा (sadā) - never happiness (always, ever)

• सुखम् (sukham) - feeling of happiness in the forest (happiness, joy, ease)

• न (na) - negation of 'I know' (not, no)

• जानामि (jānāmi) - I (Rama) know (I know)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - the forest is misery itself (suffering, misery, sorrow)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing that the forest is *only* suffering (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• सदा (sadā) - the forest is *always* suffering (always, ever)

• वनम् (vanam) - the forest (as a source of suffering) (forest, wood)

Words meanings and morphology

हितबुद्ध्या (hitabuddhyā) - out of concern for your well-being (with benevolent intention, for welfare)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitabuddhi

hitabuddhi - benevolent intention, good will, thought for welfare

compound word

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+buddhi)

• hita – beneficial, good, welfare
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhā + i
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

खलु (khalu) - indeed, emphasizing the truth of the statement (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

वचः (vacaḥ) - this statement I am making (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, statement, voice

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Can also be accusative, but nominative makes sense here as the subject of abhidhīyate

मया (mayā) - by me, Rama (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agent in passive construction

एतत् (etat) - this (statement) (this (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Agrees with vacaḥ

अभिधीयते (abhidhīyate) - this statement is spoken (is said, is spoken)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of dhā

Passive Present, 3rd Person Singular

root dhā + ya (passive suffix) + te (middle ending)

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhā (class 3)

सदा (sadā) - never happiness (always, ever)

(indeclinable)

सुखम् (sukham) - feeling of happiness in the forest (happiness, joy, ease)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, comfort, ease

Note: Object of jānāmi

न (na) - negation of 'I know' (not, no)

(indeclinable)

जानामि (jānāmi) - I (Rama) know (I know)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of jñā

Present Active, 1st Person Singular

root jñā (9th class) + nā + mi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Implied subject 'aham'

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - the forest is misery itself (suffering, misery, sorrow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, misery, sorrow, pain

Note: Predicate nominative with 'vanam'

एव (eva) - emphasizing that the forest is *only* suffering (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - the forest is *always* suffering (always, ever)

(indeclinable)

वनम् (vanam) - the forest (as a source of suffering) (forest, wood)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Subject of implied verb 'asti' (is)