वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-27, verse-17

निःसृताः स्म मुनिश्रेष्ठ कान्ताराद् रोमहर्षणात् ।
अनया त्ववगच्छामि देशस्य सुखवत्तया ॥१७॥

17. niḥsṛtāḥ sma muniśreṣṭha kāntārād romaharṣaṇāt ,
anayā tvavagacchāmi deśasya sukhavattayā.

17. niḥsṛtāḥ sma muniśreṣṭha kāntārāt romaharṣaṇāt
| anayā tu avagacchāmi deśasya sukhavattayā

17. muniśreṣṭha,
(vayam) romaharṣaṇāt kāntārāt niḥsṛtāḥ sma tu anayā (dṛṣṭyā) deśasya sukhavattayā (hetoḥ) avagacchāmi

17. O best of sages, we have emerged from the dreadful forest (kāntāra). But by this (pleasant sight), I perceive the agreeable nature of this region.

Words meanings summery:

• निःसृताः (niḥsṛtāḥ) - emerged, came out, issued forth

• स्म (sma) - used with 'niḥsṛtāḥ' to denote past action: 'we emerged' (indeed, (particle used to indicate past tense with present verbs))

• मुनिश्रेष्ठ (muniśreṣṭha) - Addressing Viśvāmitra: O best of sages (O best of sages, excellent sage)

• कान्तारात् (kāntārāt) - from the forest, from the wilderness

• रोमहर्षणात् (romaharṣaṇāt) - from the dreadful (forest) (from the hair-raising, dreadful, thrilling)

• अनया (anayā) - by this (pleasantness/sight) (by this, with this)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• अवगच्छामि (avagacchāmi) - I understand, I perceive, I know

• देशस्य (deśasya) - of the region, of the place, of the country

• सुखवत्तया (sukhavattayā) - by the pleasantness, by the agreeableness, by the comfort

Words meanings and morphology

निःसृताः (niḥsṛtāḥ) - emerged, came out, issued forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niḥsṛta

niḥsṛta - emerged, come out, issued forth, gone out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sṛ with prefix nis- and suffix -kta

Prefix: nis

Root: sṛ (class 1)

स्म (sma) - used with 'niḥsṛtāḥ' to denote past action: 'we emerged' (indeed, (particle used to indicate past tense with present verbs))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with a present participle or verb form to convey a past action.

मुनिश्रेष्ठ (muniśreṣṭha) - Addressing Viśvāmitra: O best of sages (O best of sages, excellent sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muniśreṣṭha

muniśreṣṭha - best of sages, excellent sage

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (muni+śreṣṭha)

• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective

कान्तारात् (kāntārāt) - from the forest, from the wilderness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāntāra

kāntāra - forest, wilderness, thicket, difficult passage

रोमहर्षणात् (romaharṣaṇāt) - from the dreadful (forest) (from the hair-raising, dreadful, thrilling)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of romaharṣaṇa

romaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, dreadful, causing thrill or goosebumps

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (roman+harṣaṇa)

• roman – hair (on the body), down
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing excitement, thrilling, erecting (hair)
  adjective (neuter)
  Verbal noun from root hṛṣ (causative)
  Derived from root hṛṣ (to be thrilled, stand erect) with causative suffix and -ana
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

अनया (anayā) - by this (pleasantness/sight) (by this, with this)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

अवगच्छामि (avagacchāmi) - I understand, I perceive, I know

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Prefix: ava

Root: gam (class 1)

देशस्य (deśasya) - of the region, of the place, of the country

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, spot

सुखवत्तया (sukhavattayā) - by the pleasantness, by the agreeableness, by the comfort

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sukhavattā

sukhavattā - pleasantness, agreeableness, comfort, happiness

Derived from 'sukha' (happiness, ease) with suffix '-vat' (possessing) to form 'sukhavat' (pleasant, comfortable), and then the abstract noun suffix '-tā' to form 'sukhavattā'.

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