वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-27, verse-11

रामं प्राञ्जलयो भूत्वाब्रुवन्मधुरभाषिणः ।
इमे स्म नरशार्दूल शाधि किं करवाम ते ॥११॥

11. rāmaṃ prāñjalayo bhūtvābruvanmadhurabhāṣiṇaḥ ,
ime sma naraśārdūla śādhi kiṃ karavāma te.

11. rāmam prāñjalayaḥ bhūtvā abruvan madhurabhāṣiṇaḥ
ime sma naraśārdūla śādhi kim karavāma te

11. prāñjalayaḥ madhurabhāṣiṇaḥ bhūtvā rāmam abruvan
naraśārdūla ime sma te kim karavāma śādhi

11. Assuming postures of reverence with folded hands, those who spoke sweetly addressed Rāma: "O tiger among men, here we are! Command us, what may we do for you?"

Words meanings summery:

• रामम् (rāmam) - to Rāma

• प्राञ्जलयः (prāñjalayaḥ) - with folded hands, reverent

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke

• मधुरभाषिणः (madhurabhāṣiṇaḥ) - sweet-speaking ones

• इमे (ime) - we are here, we are present (these, we (referring to the speaker group))

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating emphasis or past tense with present verbs. Here: 'are' in a specific construction meaning 'we are present'.

• नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• शाधि (śādhi) - command, instruct, rule

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• करवाम (karavāma) - may we do, let us do

• ते (te) - for you, to you

Words meanings and morphology

रामम् (rāmam) - to Rāma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name), pleasing, black

प्राञ्जलयः (prāñjalayaḥ) - with folded hands, reverent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands, reverent

Prefix: pra

Root: añj (class 7)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √bhū with suffix -tvā

Root: bhū (class 1)

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect 3rd Person Plural Parasmaipada

augment a- + √brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

मधुरभाषिणः (madhurabhāṣiṇaḥ) - sweet-speaking ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of madhurabhāṣin

madhurabhāṣin - speaking sweetly, eloquent

agent noun from madhura + √bhāṣ (to speak)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhura+bhāṣin)

• madhura – sweet, pleasant
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāṣin – speaking, speaker
  adjective (masculine)
  from √bhāṣ (to speak) with suffix -in
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

इमे (ime) - we are here, we are present (these, we (referring to the speaker group))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

स्म (sma) - particle indicating emphasis or past tense with present verbs. Here: 'are' in a specific construction meaning 'we are present'.

(indeclinable)

नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśārdūla

naraśārdūla - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śārdūla)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)

शाधि (śādhi) - command, instruct, rule

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śās

Imperative 2nd Person Singular Parasmaipada

Root: śās (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

करवाम (karavāma) - may we do, let us do

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative 1st Person Plural Parasmaipada

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ते (te) - for you, to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

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