महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-59, verse-12

स भवांस्तारयत्वस्माद्दुःखामर्षमहार्णवात् ।
पारं तितीर्षतामद्य प्लवो नो भव माधव ॥१२॥

12. sa bhavāṁstārayatvasmādduḥkhāmarṣamahārṇavāt ,
pāraṁ titīrṣatāmadya plavo no bhava mādhava.

12. saḥ bhavān tārayatu asmāt duḥkhāmarṣamahārṇavāt
pāram titīrṣatām adya plavaḥ naḥ bhava mādhava

12. mādhava,
saḥ bhavān asmāt duḥkhāmarṣamahārṇavāt naḥ tārayatu pāram titīrṣatām adya plavaḥ bhava

12. O Madhava, may you, the venerable one, deliver us from this great ocean of sorrow and intolerance. Be our raft today for us who wish to cross to the other shore.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), venerable one

• तारयतु (tārayatu) - may he rescue, may he cause to cross

• अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this

• दुःखामर्षमहार्णवात् (duḥkhāmarṣamahārṇavāt) - from the great ocean of sorrow and intolerance

• पारम् (pāram) - the other shore, the far bank, the end

• तितीर्षताम् (titīrṣatām) - for those desiring to cross

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• प्लवः (plavaḥ) - raft, boat, float

• नः (naḥ) - us, to us, our

• भव (bhava) - be, become

• माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (epithet of Krishna)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine nominative singular form of 'tad'

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), venerable one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - being, existing, (masculine) a venerable person, you

Present Active Participle of 'bhū'

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: masculine nominative singular form of 'bhavat'

तारयतु (tārayatu) - may he rescue, may he cause to cross

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of tār

causative

Causative stem from root tṛ (to cross)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular imperative active of causative 'tār'

अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: masculine ablative singular of 'idam'

दुःखामर्षमहार्णवात् (duḥkhāmarṣamahārṇavāt) - from the great ocean of sorrow and intolerance

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of duḥkhāmarṣamahārṇava

duḥkhāmarṣamahārṇava - great ocean of sorrow and intolerance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+amarṣa+mahā+arṇava)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• amarṣa – impatience, intolerance, indignation, anger
  noun (masculine)
  from root mṛṣ (to bear) with negative prefix a
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  stem of mahat
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: masculine ablative singular of 'duḥkhāmarṣamahārṇava'

पारम् (pāram) - the other shore, the far bank, the end

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāra

pāra - the other side, bank, shore, limit, end

Note: neuter accusative singular of 'pāra'

तितीर्षताम् (titīrṣatām) - for those desiring to cross

(participle)

Genitive, plural of titīrṣat

titīrṣat - desiring to cross

desiderative present participle

desiderative stem of tṛ (to cross) + śatṛ suffix

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: genitive plural of present active participle of desiderative 'titīrṣ' (from tṛ)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: adverb of time

प्लवः (plavaḥ) - raft, boat, float

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of plava

plava - a boat, raft, float, swimming

from root plu (to float, to swim)

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: masculine nominative singular of 'plava'

नः (naḥ) - us, to us, our

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: 1st person plural genitive/dative/accusative enclitic form of 'asmad'

भव (bhava) - be, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: 2nd person singular imperative active of 'bhū'

माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (epithet of Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu, husband of Lakshmi, Krishna, Vishnu

Note: masculine vocative singular of 'mādhava'