महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-23, verse-4

स एव महतीं सेनां समावर्तयदाहवे ।
किमन्यद्दैवसंयोगान्मम पुत्रस्य चाभवत् ॥४॥

4. sa eva mahatīṁ senāṁ samāvartayadāhave ,
kimanyaddaivasaṁyogānmama putrasya cābhavat.

4. saḥ eva mahatīm senām samāvartayat āhave kim
anyat daivasaṃyogāt mama putrasya ca abhavat

4. saḥ eva āhave mahatīm senām samāvartayat
daivasaṃyogāt mama putrasya ca anyat kim abhavat?

4. He alone turned back a great army in battle. What else could have happened to my son due to divine destiny (daivasaṃyoga)?

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Yudhishthira from previous verse) (he, that)

• एव (eva) - alone, only (only, indeed, just, precisely)

• महतीम् (mahatīm) - great (great, large, mighty)

• सेनाम् (senām) - army (army, host, military)

• समावर्तयत् (samāvartayat) - turned back, routed (caused to return, turned back, routed)

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?, how?)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - else, other (other, another, different)

• दैवसंयोगात् (daivasaṁyogāt) - due to divine destiny (daivasaṃyoga) (by the conjunction of fate, by divine destiny, due to fate)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - happened (happened, was, became, existed)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Yudhishthira from previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular of `tad`

एव (eva) - alone, only (only, indeed, just, precisely)

(indeclinable)

महतीम् (mahatīm) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Feminine accusative singular of `mahat`.

Note: Agrees with `senām`.

सेनाम् (senām) - army (army, host, military)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, military force

Note: Object of `samāvartayat`.

समावर्तयत् (samāvartayat) - turned back, routed (caused to return, turned back, routed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samāvartaya

Causative Imperfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, causative stem from `vṛt` with prefix `sam-ā`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

आहवे (āhave) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, conflict, combat, war

From root `hu` (to sacrifice) with `ā`, by extension 'battle'.

Root: hu (class 3)

किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?, how?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of `kim` (interrogative pronoun).

अन्यत् (anyat) - else, other (other, another, different)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different, distinct

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of `anya`.

Note: Functions with `kim` as 'what else?'.

दैवसंयोगात् (daivasaṁyogāt) - due to divine destiny (daivasaṃyoga) (by the conjunction of fate, by divine destiny, due to fate)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of daivasaṃyoga

daivasaṁyoga - conjunction of fate, divine destiny, accidental meeting

Compound type : tatpurusha (daiva+saṃyoga)

• daiva – divine, celestial, relating to destiny, fate
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from `deva` (god)
• saṃyoga – conjunction, union, connection, combination
  noun (masculine)
  From `sam-yuj` (to join together)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Expresses cause or origin ('from/due to divine destiny').

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Genitive singular of `asmad`.

Note: Speaker's possessive.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Governed by `mama`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'my son' to 'what else happened'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - happened (happened, was, became, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, imperfect tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)