महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-23, verse-12

यन्मा क्षत्ताब्रवीत्तात प्रपश्यन्पुत्रगृद्धिनम् ।
दुर्योधनेन तत्सर्वं प्राप्तं सूत मया सह ॥१२॥

12. yanmā kṣattābravīttāta prapaśyanputragṛddhinam ,
duryodhanena tatsarvaṁ prāptaṁ sūta mayā saha.

12. yat mā kṣattā abravīt tāta prapaśyan putragṛddhinam
duryodhanena tat sarvam prāptam sūta mayā saha

12. tāta sūta yat kṣattā putragṛddhinam mā prapaśyan
abravīt tat sarvam duryodhanena mayā saha prāptam

12. O father (tāta), O charioteer (sūta), that which Kṣattā (Vidura), seeing me as being greedy for my son, told me, all that has been achieved by Duryodhana along with me.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that)

• मा (mā) - me (me (accusative of I))

• क्षत्ता (kṣattā) - Kṣattā (Vidura) (charioteer, chamberlain, an attendant, here refers to Vidura)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - told (he said, he spoke)

• तात (tāta) - O father (father, dear one (term of affectionate address))

• प्रपश्यन् (prapaśyan) - seeing (seeing, beholding)

• पुत्रगृद्धिनम् (putragṛddhinam) - greedy for my son (greedy for sons, excessively desirous of sons)

• दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana

• तत् (tat) - all that (that, this)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, whole, entire)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - has been achieved (attained, obtained, reached)

• सूत (sūta) - O charioteer (Saṃjaya) (charioteer, bard, storyteller)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

मा (mā) - me (me (accusative of I))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

क्षत्ता (kṣattā) - Kṣattā (Vidura) (charioteer, chamberlain, an attendant, here refers to Vidura)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, chamberlain, attendant; in Mahabharata often refers to Vidura

Agent noun from kṣad (to cut, divide, protect)

Root: kṣad

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - told (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

From root brū (or vac) with augment 'a-'.

Root: brū (class 2)

तात (tāta) - O father (father, dear one (term of affectionate address))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one

Vocative form.

Note: Dhṛtarāṣṭra addressing Saṃjaya.

प्रपश्यन् (prapaśyan) - seeing (seeing, beholding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prapaśyat

prapaśyat - seeing, beholding

Present Active Participle

From root dṛś (to see) with prefix pra-. Root undergoes substitution vaś/paś in present stem.

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Participial form modifying 'kṣattā'.

पुत्रगृद्धिनम् (putragṛddhinam) - greedy for my son (greedy for sons, excessively desirous of sons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putragṛddhin

putragṛddhin - greedy for sons, desirous of sons

Compound: putra (son) + gṛddhin (greedy, covetous).

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+gṛddhin)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhin – greedy, covetous, eager
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gṛdh (to be greedy)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied 'mām' (me, Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'prāptam'.

तत् (tat) - all that (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Correlative to 'yat'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, whole, entire)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - has been achieved (attained, obtained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - attained, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Predicate for 'tat sarvam'.

सूत (sūta) - O charioteer (Saṃjaya) (charioteer, bard, storyteller)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, royal herald; often used as a title for Saṃjaya

Vocative form.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Instrumental singular of asmad.

Note: Agent of 'prāptam' in conjunction with 'duryodhanena'.

सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Governing instrumental case.