महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-23, verse-14

यो हि धर्मं परित्यज्य भवत्यर्थपरो नरः ।
सोऽस्माच्च हीयते लोकात्क्षुद्रभावं च गच्छति ॥१४॥

14. yo hi dharmaṁ parityajya bhavatyarthaparo naraḥ ,
so'smācca hīyate lokātkṣudrabhāvaṁ ca gacchati.

14. yaḥ hi dharmam parityajya bhavati arthaparaḥ naraḥ
saḥ asmāt ca hīyate lokāt kṣudrabhāvam ca gacchati

14. hi yaḥ naraḥ dharmam parityajya arthaparaḥ bhavati
saḥ asmāt lokāt ca hīyate ca kṣudrabhāvam gacchati

14. Indeed, a person who abandons their natural law (dharma) or constitution and becomes solely focused on material gain, is deprived of this world and descends into a petty state.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - the one who (who, which)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, constitution (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, exists, is)

• अर्थपरः (arthaparaḥ) - solely focused on material gain (intent on wealth, devoted to material gain)

• नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• हीयते (hīyate) - is deprived (is deprived, is left, loses)

• लोकात् (lokāt) - from this world (from the world, from the realm)

• क्षुद्रभावम् (kṣudrabhāvam) - a petty state (petty state, meanness, lowliness)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• गच्छति (gacchati) - descends (into), attains (goes, attains)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - the one who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, constitution (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from √tyaj with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, exists, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present active

Root: bhū (class 1)

अर्थपरः (arthaparaḥ) - solely focused on material gain (intent on wealth, devoted to material gain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arthapara

arthapara - intent on wealth, devoted to material gain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+para)

• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material gain
  noun (masculine)
• para – intent on, devoted to, supreme, other
  adjective (masculine)

नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Masculine or Neuter ablative singular form, agreeing with 'lokāt'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

हीयते (hīyate) - is deprived (is deprived, is left, loses)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of hā

present passive

Root √hā, class 3, passive voice.

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Often used with ablative to indicate what is lost or from where one is deprived.

लोकात् (lokāt) - from this world (from the world, from the realm)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

क्षुद्रभावम् (kṣudrabhāvam) - a petty state (petty state, meanness, lowliness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣudrabhāva

kṣudrabhāva - petty state, meanness, lowliness

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṣudra+bhāva)

• kṣudra – small, petty, mean, low
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

गच्छति (gacchati) - descends (into), attains (goes, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

present active

Root: gam (class 1)