महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-43, verse-9

इतश्चेतश्च निर्मुक्तैः काञ्चनैर्गार्ध्रवाजितैः ।
दृश्यतामद्य वै व्योम खद्योतैरिव संवृतम् ॥९॥

9. itaścetaśca nirmuktaiḥ kāñcanairgārdhravājitaiḥ ,
dṛśyatāmadya vai vyoma khadyotairiva saṁvṛtam.

9. itaḥ ca itaḥ ca nirmuktaiḥ kāñcanaiḥ gārdhravājitaiḥ
dṛśyatām adya vai vyoma khadyotaiḥ iva saṃvṛtam

9. Behold, today the sky appears covered, here and there, by released golden arrows feathered with vulture feathers, looking like fireflies.

Words meanings summery:

• इतः (itaḥ) - here (from here, hither, here)

• च (ca) - and

• इतः (itaḥ) - there (from here, hither, here)

• च (ca) - and

• निर्मुक्तैः (nirmuktaiḥ) - by the released arrows (by those released, by those discharged, by those abandoned)

• काञ्चनैः (kāñcanaiḥ) - by golden arrows (by golden ones, by gold (things))

• गार्ध्रवाजितैः (gārdhravājitaiḥ) - by arrows furnished with vulture feathers (by those furnished with vulture feathers)

• दृश्यताम् (dṛśyatām) - let the sky be seen/appear (let it be seen, let it appear)

• अद्य (adya) - today

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• व्योम (vyoma) - sky, atmosphere

• खद्योतैः (khadyotaiḥ) - by fireflies, by glow-worms

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - covered, enveloped, filled

Words meanings and morphology

इतः (itaḥ) - here (from here, hither, here)

(indeclinable)

-tas suffix forming adverb of place 'from here'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इतः (itaḥ) - there (from here, hither, here)

(indeclinable)

-tas suffix forming adverb of place 'from here'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निर्मुक्तैः (nirmuktaiḥ) - by the released arrows (by those released, by those discharged, by those abandoned)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nirmukta

nirmukta - released, discharged, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √muc (to release) with upasarga nir-

Prefix: nir

Root: muc (class 6)

काञ्चनैः (kāñcanaiḥ) - by golden arrows (by golden ones, by gold (things))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold, gold

Derived from kañcana (gold)

Note: Refers to arrows.

गार्ध्रवाजितैः (gārdhravājitaiḥ) - by arrows furnished with vulture feathers (by those furnished with vulture feathers)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gārdhravājita

gārdhravājita - furnished with vulture feathers

Derived from gārdhravāja (vulture feather) + -ita (affixed with)

दृश्यताम् (dṛśyatām) - let the sky be seen/appear (let it be seen, let it appear)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative, Passive Voice

Third person singular, passive voice, imperative mood

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

व्योम (vyoma) - sky, atmosphere

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, atmosphere, ether

Note: Subject of dṛśyatām.

खद्योतैः (khadyotaiḥ) - by fireflies, by glow-worms

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of khadyota

khadyota - firefly, glow-worm

Compound type : tatpurusha (kha+dyota)

• kha – sky, atmosphere, space
  noun (neuter)
• dyota – shining, bright, a lamp
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √dyut (to shine)
  Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Used in comparison with iva.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - covered, enveloped, filled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, concealed, enveloped, filled, surrounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, enclose) with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)