महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-11, verse-5

विराट उवाच ।
ददामि यानानि धनं निवेशनं ममाश्वसूतो भवितुं त्वमर्हसि ।
कुतोऽसि कस्यासि कथं त्वमागतः प्रब्रूहि शिल्पं तव विद्यते च यत् ॥५॥

5. virāṭa uvāca ,
dadāmi yānāni dhanaṁ niveśanaṁ; mamāśvasūto bhavituṁ tvamarhasi ,
kuto'si kasyāsi kathaṁ tvamāgataḥ; prabrūhi śilpaṁ tava vidyate ca yat.

5. virāṭaḥ uvāca dadāmi yānāni dhanam
niveśanam mama aśvasūtaḥ bhavitum tvam
arhasi kutaḥ asi kasya asi katham tvam
āgataḥ prabrūhi śilpam tava vidyate ca yat

5. Virata said, "I will provide conveyances, wealth, and a residence; you are indeed worthy to be my charioteer. Where are you from? Whose family do you belong to? How did you come here? Please tell me what skills you possess."

Words meanings summery:

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - King Virata (Virata (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• ददामि (dadāmi) - I give

• यानानि (yānāni) - conveyances, vehicles, chariots

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches

• निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - dwelling, residence, house

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• अश्वसूतः (aśvasūtaḥ) - horse-charioteer

• भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to be, to become

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are worthy, you deserve, you ought

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence

• असि (asi) - you are

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

• असि (asi) - you are

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come

• प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - tell, declare

• शिल्पम् (śilpam) - skill, art, craft

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is present

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

Words meanings and morphology

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - King Virata (Virata (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virata (name of a king)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

3rd person singular. Irregular perfect form of vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

ददामि (dadāmi) - I give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Present tense

1st person singular. Reduplicated root.

Root: dā (class 3)

यानानि (yānāni) - conveyances, vehicles, chariots

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of yāna

yāna - vehicle, conveyance, chariot

From root yā (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property

From root dhā (to place, possess).

Root: dhā (class 3)

निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - dwelling, residence, house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niveśana

niveśana - dwelling, residence, house, encampment

From prefix ni + root viś (to enter) + suffix lyuṭ.

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

1st person pronoun.

अश्वसूतः (aśvasūtaḥ) - horse-charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvasūta

aśvasūta - horse-charioteer

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+sūta)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sūta – charioteer, son
  noun (masculine)
  From root sū (to drive, to beget).
  Root: sū (class 2)

भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to be, to become

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed with suffix tumun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Not strictly a verb as it is indeclinable, but derived from a verb root.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

2nd person pronoun.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are worthy, you deserve, you ought

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense

2nd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place, ablative sense of kim.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense

2nd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Refers to lineage or origin.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense

2nd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

2nd person pronoun.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, approached

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā + root gam (to go) + suffix kta.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - tell, declare

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prabrū

Imperative mood

2nd person singular. Formed from prefix pra + root brū.

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

शिल्पम् (śilpam) - skill, art, craft

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śilpa

śilpa - skill, art, craft, accomplishment

Note: It functions as the object of prabrūhi.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

2nd person pronoun.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is present

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense

3rd person singular, middle voice. From root vid (class 4, meaning 'to exist').

Root: vid (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Functions as 'whatever' or 'that which' introduces the clause.