महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-11, verse-6

नकुल उवाच ।
पञ्चानां पाण्डुपुत्राणां ज्येष्ठो राजा युधिष्ठिरः ।
तेनाहमश्वेषु पुरा प्रकृतः शत्रुकर्शन ॥६॥

6. nakula uvāca ,
pañcānāṁ pāṇḍuputrāṇāṁ jyeṣṭho rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
tenāhamaśveṣu purā prakṛtaḥ śatrukarśana.

6. nakulaḥ uvāca pañcānām pāṇḍuputrāṇām jyeṣṭhaḥ rājā
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tena aham aśveṣu purā prakṛtaḥ śatrukaraśana

6. Nakula said, "Among the five sons of Pandu, the eldest is King Yudhishthira. By him, I was formerly employed in matters of horses, O destroyer of enemies."

Words meanings summery:

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - One of the Pandava brothers (Nakula (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five

• पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the Pandavas (of the sons of Pandu)

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest, oldest

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest Pandava (Yudhishthira (proper noun))

• तेन (tena) - by Yudhishthira (by him, by that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अश्वेषु (aśveṣu) - among horses, in horses, regarding horses

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• प्रकृतः (prakṛtaḥ) - employed, appointed (in matters of horses) (appointed, employed, made, done, natural)

• शत्रुकरशन (śatrukaraśana) - An address to King Virata. (O destroyer of enemies, O tormentor of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - One of the Pandava brothers (Nakula (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (name of a Pandava prince)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

3rd person singular. Irregular perfect form of vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five

(numeral)

पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the Pandavas (of the sons of Pandu)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu, Pandava

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest, oldest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, oldest, chief

Superlative of vrddha (old) or praśasya (excellent).

Note: Describes Yudhishthira.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest Pandava (Yudhishthira (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steady in battle')

Compound.

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  indeclinable (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

तेन (tena) - by Yudhishthira (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

Demonstrative pronoun.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

1st person pronoun.

अश्वेषु (aśveṣu) - among horses, in horses, regarding horses

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

प्रकृतः (prakṛtaḥ) - employed, appointed (in matters of horses) (appointed, employed, made, done, natural)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prakṛta

prakṛta - made, done, appointed, natural (prakṛti)

Past Passive Participle

From prefix pra + root kṛ (to do, make) + suffix kta.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शत्रुकरशन (śatrukaraśana) - An address to King Virata. (O destroyer of enemies, O tormentor of foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatrukaraśana

śatrukaraśana - destroyer of enemies, tormentor of foes

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+karśana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• karśana – destroyer, emaciator
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛś (to make lean, destroy).
  Root: kṛś (class 6)