महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-11, verse-4

अभ्येत्य राजानममित्रहाब्रवीज्जयोऽस्तु ते पार्थिव भद्रमस्तु च ।
हयेषु युक्तो नृप संमतः सदा तवाश्वसूतो निपुणो भवाम्यहम् ॥४॥

4. abhyetya rājānamamitrahābravī;jjayo'stu te pārthiva bhadramastu ca ,
hayeṣu yukto nṛpa saṁmataḥ sadā; tavāśvasūto nipuṇo bhavāmyaham.

4. abhyetya rājānam amitrahā abravīt
jayaḥ astu te pārthiva bhadram astu
ca hayeṣu yuktaḥ nṛpa saṃmataḥ sadā
tava aśvasūtaḥ nipuṇaḥ bhavāmi aham

4. Approaching the king, the destroyer of enemies said, "May victory be yours, O King, and may you be well. O King, I am always esteemed for my skill with horses, and I can be your expert charioteer."

Words meanings summery:

• अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having come near

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king, the ruler

• अमित्रहा (amitrahā) - referring to Nakula (or Arjuna in disguise) (slayer of enemies, enemy-destroyer)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, spoke

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

• ते (te) - to you, for you, your

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King, O ruler of the earth

• भद्रम् (bhadram) - welfare, good fortune, auspiciousness

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

• च (ca) - and, also

• हयेषु (hayeṣu) - among horses, in horses

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - skilled (in horses) (joined, engaged, skilled, equipped, yoked)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King

• संमतः (saṁmataḥ) - esteemed, approved, respected

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अश्वसूतः (aśvasūtaḥ) - horse-charioteer

• निपुणः (nipuṇaḥ) - skillful, expert, clever

• भवामि (bhavāmi) - I am, I become

• अहम् (aham) - I

Words meanings and morphology

अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having come near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix abhi + i + suffix lyaP.

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king, the ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

अमित्रहा (amitrahā) - referring to Nakula (or Arjuna in disguise) (slayer of enemies, enemy-destroyer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amitrahā

amitrahā - slayer of enemies, enemy-destroyer

Agent noun from ami+han (to kill enemies).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amitra+hā)

• amitra – enemy
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of a (negative) + mitra (friend).
• hā – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect past tense

3rd person singular, augment a added.

Root: brū (class 2)

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph

From root ji (to conquer).

Root: ji (class 1)

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Imperative mood

3rd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

ते (te) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Enclitic form of 2nd person pronoun.

Note: Here, dative sense 'to you'.

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King, O ruler of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, earthly

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

भद्रम् (bhadram) - welfare, good fortune, auspiciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhadra

bhadra - welfare, good, auspicious

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Imperative mood

3rd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

हयेषु (hayeṣu) - among horses, in horses

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

From root hi (to go).

Root: hi (class 3)

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - skilled (in horses) (joined, engaged, skilled, equipped, yoked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, engaged, skilled, yoked, connected (yoga)

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing the speaker.

नृप (nṛpa) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of nṛ (man) + pā (to protect).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pā – protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 1)

संमतः (saṁmataḥ) - esteemed, approved, respected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃmata

saṁmata - esteemed, approved, respected, agreed upon

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix sam + root man (to think) + suffix kta.

Prefix: sam

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Describes the speaker (aham).

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

2nd person pronoun.

अश्वसूतः (aśvasūtaḥ) - horse-charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvasūta

aśvasūta - horse-charioteer

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+sūta)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sūta – charioteer, son
  noun (masculine)
  From root sū (to drive, to beget).
  Root: sū (class 2)

निपुणः (nipuṇaḥ) - skillful, expert, clever

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipuṇa

nipuṇa - skillful, expert, clever

Note: Describes the speaker (aham).

भवामि (bhavāmi) - I am, I become

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense

1st person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

1st person pronoun.