महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-166, verse-16

ततो विचार्य बहुधा रथमार्गेषु तान्हयान् ।
प्राचोदयत्समे देशे मातलिर्भरतर्षभ ॥१६॥

16. tato vicārya bahudhā rathamārgeṣu tānhayān ,
prācodayatsame deśe mātalirbharatarṣabha.

16. tataḥ vicārya bahudhā rathamārgeṣu tān hayān
prācodayat same deśe mātaliḥ bharatarṣabha

16. Then, O best among the Bharatas, Matali, having deliberated extensively on the chariot paths, urged those horses forward on level ground.

16. אז מָאטַלִי שקל בדרכים רבות את נתיבי המרכבה, והאיץ את הסוסים אל מקום מישורי, הו אדון דגול מצאצאי בְּהַרַטַה.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• विचार्य (vicārya) - having considered, having deliberated, having examined

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, variously, repeatedly

• रथमार्गेषु (rathamārgeṣu) - on the chariot paths, on the chariot tracks, on the routes for chariots

• तान् (tān) - those

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• प्राचोदयत् (prācodayat) - he urged, he drove, he incited

• समे (same) - on level, on even, on equal

• देशे (deśe) - in the place, on the ground, in the region

• मातलिः (mātaliḥ) - Matali, the charioteer of Indra (Matali)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharata lineage (a vocative epithet, often for figures like Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna in the Mahabharata) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

विचार्य (vicārya) - having considered, having deliberated, having examined

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'car' (to move, to go) with the prefix 'vi', and the absolutive suffix '-ya' (when preceded by a prefix). The causative sense 'to cause to move/consider' is also present in some contexts, but here it's more 'having examined/considered'.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, variously, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'bahu' (many) with the suffix '-dhā' expressing manner or repetition.

रथमार्गेषु (rathamārgeṣu) - on the chariot paths, on the chariot tracks, on the routes for chariots

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rathamārga

rathamārga - chariot road, path for chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+mārga)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• mārga – path, road, way, route
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛj (class 2)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'hayān'.

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Derived from the root 'hi' (to go, to move).

Root: hi (class 3)

Note: Object of 'prācodayat'.

प्राचोदयत् (prācodayat) - he urged, he drove, he incited

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-cud

Causative, Imperfect (laṅ)

Root 'cud' (to urge) is in the 1st or 10th class. Formed as a causative stem 'coday' with the prefix 'pra', then conjugated in the 3rd person singular Imperfect tense. The initial 'a' augment of the Imperfect combines with 'pra' to form 'prā'.

Prefix: pra

Root: cud (class 1)

समे (same) - on level, on even, on equal

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sama

sama - even, level, equal, similar, tranquil

देशे (deśe) - in the place, on the ground, in the region

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, ground, spot

Root: diś (class 6)

मातलिः (mātaliḥ) - Matali, the charioteer of Indra (Matali)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mātali

mātali - Matali (name of Indra's charioteer)

Note: Subject of 'prācodayat'.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharata lineage (a vocative epithet, often for figures like Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna in the Mahabharata) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of the Bharatas, best of the Bharatas (an epithet for a heroic figure from the Bharata dynasty)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king, a specific clan/lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• ṛṣabha – a bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)

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