महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-32, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
पितामहं गुरुं चैव प्रत्युद्गम्य युधिष्ठिरः ।
अभिवाद्य ततो राजन्निदं वचनमब्रवीत् ।
भीष्मं द्रोणं कृपं द्रौणिं दुर्योधनविविंशती ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
pitāmahaṁ guruṁ caiva pratyudgamya yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
abhivādya tato rājannidaṁ vacanamabravīt ,
bhīṣmaṁ droṇaṁ kṛpaṁ drauṇiṁ duryodhanaviviṁśatī.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | pitāmaham gurum ca
eva pratyudgamya yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | abhivādya
tataḥ rājan idam vacanam abravīt | bhīṣmam
droṇam kṛpam drauṇim duryodhanaviviṃśati

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having gone to meet his grandfather and guru, and having greeted them, O King, Yudhishthira then spoke these words (to them, including) Bhishma, Drona, Kripa, Drauṇi, and Duryodhana and Viviṃśati.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandfather

• गुरुम् (gurum) - guru, teacher, spiritual guide

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, also

• प्रत्युद्गम्य (pratyudgamya) - having gone to meet

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted, having saluted

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma (proper noun)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (proper noun)

• कृपम् (kṛpam) - Kripa (proper noun)

• द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Drauṇi (proper noun)

• दुर्योधनविविंशति (duryodhanaviviṁśati) - Duryodhana and Viviṃśati (two specific Kaurava princes) (Duryodhana and Viviṃśati (proper nouns))

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyasa)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense (liṭ) form of root 'vac'. Third person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandfather

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather

गुरुम् (gurum) - guru, teacher, spiritual guide

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual guide (guru), heavy, venerable

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, also

(indeclinable)

प्रत्युद्गम्य (pratyudgamya) - having gone to meet

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from root 'gam' with prefixes 'prati' and 'ud'

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: gam (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (a name meaning 'firm in battle')

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted, having saluted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from root 'vad' with prefix 'abhi' and suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense (laṅ) form of root 'bru'. Third person singular.

Root: bru (class 2)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a name, literally 'terrible')

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a name, preceptor of Kauravas and Pandavas)

कृपम् (kṛpam) - Kripa (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kripa (a name, a guru)

द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Drauṇi (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - Drauṇi (a name, son of Drona, i.e., Ashvatthama)

Patronymic from Drona

दुर्योधनविविंशति (duryodhanaviviṁśati) - Duryodhana and Viviṃśati (two specific Kaurava princes) (Duryodhana and Viviṃśati (proper nouns))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of duryodhanaviviṃśati

duryodhanaviviṁśati - Duryodhana and Viviṃśati (names of two Kaurava princes)

Compound type : dvandva (duryodhana+viviṃśati)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (a name, eldest Kaurava)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• viviṃśati – Viviṃśati (a name, one of the Kauravas)
  proper noun (masculine)