महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-63, verse-3

पाण्डुरेणातपत्रेण ध्रियमाणेन मूर्धनि ।
बभौ युधिष्ठिरस्तत्र पौर्णमास्यामिवोडुराट् ॥३॥

3. pāṇḍureṇātapatreṇa dhriyamāṇena mūrdhani ,
babhau yudhiṣṭhirastatra paurṇamāsyāmivoḍurāṭ.

3. pāṇḍureṇa ātapatreṇa dhriyamāṇena mūrdhani babhau
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tatra paurṇamāsyām iva uḍurāṭ

3. With a white umbrella being held over his head, Yudhishthira shone there like the moon (uḍurāṭ) on a full moon night.

Words meanings summery:

• पाण्डुरेण (pāṇḍureṇa) - referring to a white umbrella, a symbol of royalty (by a white, by a pale-colored)

• आतपत्रेण (ātapatreṇa) - by the royal umbrella (by an umbrella, by a parasol)

• ध्रियमाणेन (dhriyamāṇena) - by the umbrella being held (over Yudhishthira's head) (by that which is being held/borne)

• मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head, at the top

• बभौ (babhau) - Yudhishthira shone magnificently (he shone, he appeared splendid, he was beautiful)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

• पौर्णमास्याम् (paurṇamāsyām) - on the full moon night, at the time of the full moon

• इव (iva) - introduces a comparison (like, as, as if)

• उडुराट् (uḍurāṭ) - the moon (king of stars), lord of asterisms

Words meanings and morphology

पाण्डुरेण (pāṇḍureṇa) - referring to a white umbrella, a symbol of royalty (by a white, by a pale-colored)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pāṇḍura

pāṇḍura - white, pale, yellowish-white

Note: Agrees with `ātapatreṇa`

आतपत्रेण (ātapatreṇa) - by the royal umbrella (by an umbrella, by a parasol)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ātapatra

ātapatra - umbrella, parasol (literally, 'sun-leaf' or 'sun-protector')

Compound: ātapa (sunshine/heat) + patra (leaf/wing, or something that covers).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātapa+patra)

• ātapa – sunshine, heat, sun's rays
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• patra – leaf, feather, wing, cover, metal plate
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pat (class 1)

ध्रियमाणेन (dhriyamāṇena) - by the umbrella being held (over Yudhishthira's head) (by that which is being held/borne)

(participle)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhriyamāṇa

dhriyamāṇa - being held, being borne, being carried

present passive participle

From root dhṛ (to hold, bear) with yaka (passive) and śānac (present participle).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `ātapatreṇa`

मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head, at the top

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, highest point, forehead

n-stem noun

Note: Locative of place.

बभौ (babhau) - Yudhishthira shone magnificently (he shone, he appeared splendid, he was beautiful)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhā

perfect tense 3rd person singular

Root bhā (to shine), perfect form

Root: bhā (class 2)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

Etymologically 'firm in battle' (yudhi sthira).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of `babhau`.

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

(indeclinable)

Locative of demonstrative pronoun tad

Note: Adverb of place.

पौर्णमास्याम् (paurṇamāsyām) - on the full moon night, at the time of the full moon

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of paurṇamāsī

paurṇamāsī - the full moon day or night

From pūrṇamāsa (full moon)

Note: Locative of time.

इव (iva) - introduces a comparison (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

उडुराट् (uḍurāṭ) - the moon (king of stars), lord of asterisms

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uḍurāj

uḍurāj - moon (king of stars), lord of asterisms

Compound: uḍu (star, asterism) + rāj (king, ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uḍu+rāj)

• uḍu – star, asterism
  noun (neuter)
• rāj – king, ruler, shining
  noun (masculine)
  Root rāj (to shine, rule)
  Root: rāj (class 1)