महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-44, verse-3

भूमिरादिस्तु गन्धानां रसानामाप एव च ।
रूपाणां ज्योतिरादिस्तु स्पर्शादिर्वायुरुच्यते ।
शब्दस्यादिस्तथाकाशमेष भूतकृतो गुणः ॥३॥

3. bhūmirādistu gandhānāṁ rasānāmāpa eva ca ,
rūpāṇāṁ jyotirādistu sparśādirvāyurucyate ,
śabdasyādistathākāśameṣa bhūtakṛto guṇaḥ.

3. bhūmiḥ ādiḥ tu gandhānām rasānām āpaḥ
eva ca rūpāṇām jyotiḥ ādiḥ tu
sparśaādiḥ vāyuḥ ucyate śabdasya ādiḥ
tathā ākāśam eṣaḥ bhūtakṛtaḥ guṇaḥ

3. bhūmiḥ tu gandhānām ādiḥ āpaḥ eva ca
rasānām jyotiḥ tu rūpāṇām ādiḥ
vāyuḥ sparśaādiḥ ucyate tathā ākāśam
śabdasya ādiḥ eṣaḥ bhūtakṛtaḥ guṇaḥ

3. Earth is the primary source of odors, and water is indeed the source of tastes. Light (or fire) is the primary source of forms, and air is said to be the source of touch. Similarly, space (ākāśa) is the source of sound. This describes the fundamental qualities produced by the elements (bhūtas).

Words meanings summery:

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth (earth, ground, land)

• आदिः (ādiḥ) - primary source (beginning, origin, first)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• गन्धानाम् (gandhānām) - of odors (of smells, of odors)

• रसानाम् (rasānām) - of tastes (of tastes, of flavors)

• आपः (āpaḥ) - water (waters, water)

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, indeed, just)

• च (ca) - and

• रूपाणाम् (rūpāṇām) - of forms (of forms, of colors, of appearances)

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light (or fire) (light, radiance, fire)

• आदिः (ādiḥ) - primary source (beginning, origin, first)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• स्पर्शआदिः (sparśaādiḥ) - source of touch (beginning with touch, touch and so on)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air (wind, air)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said/called (is said, is called, is declared)

• शब्दस्य (śabdasya) - of sound

• आदिः (ādiḥ) - origin (beginning, origin, first)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - ether (ākāśa) (ether, space, sky)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this (masculine))

• भूतकृतः (bhūtakṛtaḥ) - produced by the elements (bhūtas) (produced by elements/beings)

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality (quality, attribute, virtue)

Words meanings and morphology

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

Root: bhū (class 1)

आदिः (ādiḥ) - primary source (beginning, origin, first)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, origin, first

Note: Used as a predicate nominative

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

गन्धानाम् (gandhānām) - of odors (of smells, of odors)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance

Root: gandh (class 1)

Note: Indicates possession or relation

रसानाम् (rasānām) - of tastes (of tastes, of flavors)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rasa

rasa - taste, flavor, essence, juice

Root: ras (class 1)

Note: Indicates possession or relation

आपः (āpaḥ) - water (waters, water)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Always plural

Note: Though plural, it refers to the element 'water'

एव (eva) - indeed (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects phrases

रूपाणाम् (rūpāṇām) - of forms (of forms, of colors, of appearances)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, color, appearance

Root: rūp (class 1)

Note: Indicates possession or relation

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light (or fire) (light, radiance, fire)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, splendor, fire

Root: dyut (class 1)

आदिः (ādiḥ) - primary source (beginning, origin, first)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, origin, first

Note: Used as a predicate nominative

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

स्पर्शआदिः (sparśaādiḥ) - source of touch (beginning with touch, touch and so on)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśādi

sparśādi - beginning with touch

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (sparśa+ādi)

• sparśa – touch, contact
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from spṛś
  Root: spṛś (class 6)
• ādi – beginning, start
  noun (masculine)

Note: This is used as the predicate nominative, meaning 'is the origin of touch'

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air (wind, air)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'ucyate'

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said/called (is said, is called, is declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of ucyate

Present tense, 3rd person singular, Passive voice

Root vac, Passive stem ucyate

Root: vac (class 2)

शब्दस्य (śabdasya) - of sound

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

Root: śabd (class 1)

Note: Indicates possession or relation

आदिः (ādiḥ) - origin (beginning, origin, first)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, origin, first

Note: Used as a predicate nominative

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a parallel statement

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - ether (ākāśa) (ether, space, sky)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, ether, space

ā + kāś

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is'

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the set of qualities mentioned

भूतकृतः (bhūtakṛtaḥ) - produced by the elements (bhūtas) (produced by elements/beings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūtakṛta

bhūtakṛta - made by elements, created by beings

Compound type : Tatpurusha (bhūta+kṛta)

• bhūta – element, being, creature, what has been
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle of bhū
  Root bhū + kta
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• kṛta – made, done, created
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root kṛ + kta
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'guṇaḥ'

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality (quality, attribute, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue, constituent of nature