महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-31, verse-2

शोकः क्रोधोऽतिसंरम्भो राजसास्ते गुणाः स्मृताः ।
स्वप्नस्तन्द्री च मोहश्च त्रयस्ते तामसा गुणाः ॥२॥

2. śokaḥ krodho'tisaṁrambho rājasāste guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ ,
svapnastandrī ca mohaśca trayaste tāmasā guṇāḥ.

2. śokaḥ krodhaḥ atisaṃrambhaḥ rājasāḥ te guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ
svapnaḥ tandrī ca mohaḥ ca trayaḥ te tāmasāḥ guṇāḥ

2. śokaḥ krodhaḥ atisaṃrambhaḥ te rājasāḥ guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ
svapnaḥ tandrī ca mohaḥ ca te trayaḥ tāmasāḥ guṇāḥ

2. Sorrow, anger, and excessive agitation – these are considered the rajasic qualities. Sleep, lethargy, and delusion (moha) – these three are the tamasic qualities.

Words meanings summery:

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

• क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath, fury

• अतिसंरम्भः (atisaṁrambhaḥ) - excessive agitation (great agitation, excessive fury, vehement excitement)

• राजसाः (rājasāḥ) - rajasic, pertaining to rajas (the quality of passion, activity, restlessness)

• ते (te) - these (these, those)

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities (qualities, attributes, constituents of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas))

• स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - considered (remembered, considered, known)

• स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - sleep (sleep, dream)

• तन्द्री (tandrī) - lethargy (drowsiness, lassitude, sloth, weariness)

• च (ca) - and

• मोहः (mohaḥ) - delusion (moha) (delusion, confusion, ignorance, infatuation)

• च (ca) - and

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• ते (te) - these (these, those)

• तामसाः (tāmasāḥ) - tamasic, pertaining to tamas (the quality of darkness, inertia, ignorance)

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities (qualities, attributes, constituents of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas))

Words meanings and morphology

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

Derived from root śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath, fury

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury

Derived from root krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

अतिसंरम्भः (atisaṁrambhaḥ) - excessive agitation (great agitation, excessive fury, vehement excitement)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atisaṃrambha

atisaṁrambha - excessive fury, great agitation, vehement excitement, excessive effort

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+saṃrambha)

• ati – excessive, over, beyond
  indeclinable
  prefix
• saṃrambha – agitation, fury, excitement, vehement effort
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root rabh with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rabh (class 1)

राजसाः (rājasāḥ) - rajasic, pertaining to rajas (the quality of passion, activity, restlessness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājasa

rājasa - pertaining to rajas; passionate, active, restless

Derived from rajas with suffix aṇ

Note: Agrees with implied 'trayaḥ' or 'guṇāḥ'.

ते (te) - these (these, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities (qualities, attributes, constituents of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, virtue; a constituent of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas)

स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - considered (remembered, considered, known)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recalled, known, taught

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root smṛ

Root: smṛ (class 1)

स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - sleep (sleep, dream)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - sleep, dream, act of sleeping

Derived from root svap

Root: svap (class 2)

तन्द्री (tandrī) - lethargy (drowsiness, lassitude, sloth, weariness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tandrī

tandrī - drowsiness, lassitude, sloth, weariness, idleness

Root: tand (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मोहः (mohaḥ) - delusion (moha) (delusion, confusion, ignorance, infatuation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, confusion, infatuation, ignorance, unconsciousness

Derived from root muh

Root: muh (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

ते (te) - these (these, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तामसाः (tāmasāḥ) - tamasic, pertaining to tamas (the quality of darkness, inertia, ignorance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāmasa

tāmasa - pertaining to tamas; dark, ignorant, dull, sluggish, inert

Derived from tamas with suffix aṇ

Note: Agrees with 'guṇāḥ'.

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities (qualities, attributes, constituents of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, virtue; a constituent of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas)