महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-31, verse-5

समुदीर्णेषु दोषेषु वध्यमानेषु साधुषु ।
जग्राह तरसा राज्यमम्बरीष इति श्रुतिः ॥५॥

5. samudīrṇeṣu doṣeṣu vadhyamāneṣu sādhuṣu ,
jagrāha tarasā rājyamambarīṣa iti śrutiḥ.

5. samudīrṇeṣu doṣeṣu vadhyamāneṣu sādhuṣu
jagrāha tarasā rājyam ambarīṣaḥ iti śrutiḥ

5. samudīrṇeṣu doṣeṣu sādhuṣu vadhyamāneṣu
ambarīṣaḥ tarasā rājyam jagrāha iti śrutiḥ

5. Tradition (śruti) says that Ambariṣa forcefully seized the kingdom when faults (doṣa) had emerged and good people were being oppressed.

Words meanings summery:

• समुदीर्णेषु (samudīrṇeṣu) - when (evils) had arisen (having arisen, having emerged, having manifested)

• दोषेषु (doṣeṣu) - when evils (as in moral transgressions or bad situations) were present (in faults, in evils, in defects)

• वध्यमानेषु (vadhyamāneṣu) - when (virtuous people) were being oppressed (being killed, being oppressed, being punished)

• साधुषु (sādhuṣu) - when virtuous people were (being oppressed) (in/among good people, in/among virtuous ones)

• जग्राह (jagrāha) - Ambariṣa forcibly seized (he seized, he took, he grasped)

• तरसा (tarasā) - with determination and speed (by force, quickly, vehemently)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, dominion

• अम्बरीषः (ambarīṣaḥ) - King Ambariṣa (Ambariṣa)

• इति (iti) - introducing a statement of tradition or belief (thus, so, in this manner)

• श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - ancient tradition or lore (tradition, sacred text, what is heard)

Words meanings and morphology

समुदीर्णेषु (samudīrṇeṣu) - when (evils) had arisen (having arisen, having emerged, having manifested)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of samudīrṇa

samudīrṇa - arisen, manifested, fully excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root īr (to stir) with prefixes sam and ud.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with doṣeṣu.

दोषेषु (doṣeṣu) - when evils (as in moral transgressions or bad situations) were present (in faults, in evils, in defects)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, evil

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with samudīrṇeṣu.

वध्यमानेषु (vadhyamāneṣu) - when (virtuous people) were being oppressed (being killed, being oppressed, being punished)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being oppressed, being harmed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root vadh (to kill, to strike) with passive suffix -yamāna.

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with sādhuṣu.

साधुषु (sādhuṣu) - when virtuous people were (being oppressed) (in/among good people, in/among virtuous ones)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous person

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with vadhyamāneṣu.

जग्राह (jagrāha) - Ambariṣa forcibly seized (he seized, he took, he grasped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of grah

Reduplicated perfect tense form of root grah.

Root: grah (class 9)

तरसा (tarasā) - with determination and speed (by force, quickly, vehemently)

(indeclinable)

Note: Instrumental singular of taras, often used adverbially.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, dominion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

अम्बरीषः (ambarīṣaḥ) - King Ambariṣa (Ambariṣa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambarīṣa

ambarīṣa - Ambariṣa (a mythical king)

इति (iti) - introducing a statement of tradition or belief (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - ancient tradition or lore (tradition, sacred text, what is heard)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śruti

śruti - hearing, revelation, sacred tradition (especially the Vedas)

Derived from root śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)