महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-25, verse-3

करणं कर्म कर्ता च मोक्ष इत्येव भामिनि ।
चत्वार एते होतारो यैरिदं जगदावृतम् ॥३॥

3. karaṇaṁ karma kartā ca mokṣa ityeva bhāmini ,
catvāra ete hotāro yairidaṁ jagadāvṛtam.

3. karaṇam karma kartā ca mokṣaḥ iti eva bhāmini
catvāraḥ ete hotāraḥ yaiḥ idam jagat āvṛtam

3. The instrument, the action (karma), the agent, and liberation (mokṣa) – these four, O charming lady, are indeed the 'ritual priests' (hotāraḥ) by whom this universe is encompassed.

Words meanings summery:

• करणम् (karaṇam) - instrument, means, cause

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma), deed

• कर्ता (kartā) - doer, agent

• च (ca) - and

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation (mokṣa), freedom

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• भामिनि (bhāmini) - O passionate lady, O charming lady

• चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

• एते (ete) - these

• होतारः (hotāraḥ) - ritual priests, sacrificers

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom, by which

• इदम् (idam) - this

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

• आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - covered, enveloped, pervaded

Words meanings and morphology

करणम् (karaṇam) - instrument, means, cause

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karaṇa

karaṇa - instrument, means, cause, organ of sense or action

Kṛt suffix -aṇa

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - action (karma), deed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, consequence of action

Kṛt suffix -man

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्ता (kartā) - doer, agent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, agent, creator

Kṛt suffix -tṛ

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation (mokṣa), freedom

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, freedom from saṃsāra, salvation

Root: muc (class 6)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

भामिनि (bhāmini) - O passionate lady, O charming lady

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of bhāminī

bhāminī - a passionate woman, a beautiful lady, an angry woman (less common here)

चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'hotāraḥ'.

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Modifies 'hotāraḥ'.

होतारः (hotāraḥ) - ritual priests, sacrificers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hotṛ

hotṛ - a priest who invokes deities, a ritual priest, sacrificer

Agent noun from root

Derived from root 'hu' (to offer, sacrifice) with the -tṛ suffix.

Root: hu (class 3)

यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the 'hotāraḥ'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Modifies 'jagat'.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, animate

Present Active Participle (secondary noun usage)

Derived from root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - covered, enveloped, pervaded

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - covered, enveloped, surrounded, pervaded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose) with prefix 'ā' and suffix -ta.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'jagat'.