महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-25, verse-10

अभक्ष्यभक्षणं चैव मद्यपानं च हन्ति तम् ।
स चान्नं हन्ति तच्चान्नं स हत्वा हन्यते बुधः ॥१०॥

10. abhakṣyabhakṣaṇaṁ caiva madyapānaṁ ca hanti tam ,
sa cānnaṁ hanti taccānnaṁ sa hatvā hanyate budhaḥ.

10. abhakṣyabhakṣaṇam ca eva madyapānam ca hanti tam saḥ
ca annam hanti tat ca annam saḥ hatvā hanyate budhaḥ

10. abhakṣyabhakṣaṇam ca eva madyapānam ca tam hanti saḥ
ca annam hanti tat annam ca saḥ budhaḥ hatvā hanyate

10. Eating forbidden food and drinking liquor harm a person. And that person harms the food; and that food in turn harms him. Thus, even a discerning person (budha), having caused harm, is himself harmed.

Words meanings summery:

• अभक्ष्यभक्षणम् (abhakṣyabhakṣaṇam) - eating forbidden food, consuming that which should not be eaten

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• मद्यपानम् (madyapānam) - drinking liquor, consumption of intoxicating drinks

• च (ca) - and

• हन्ति (hanti) - kills, harms, destroys

• तम् (tam) - a person (generally) (him, that person)

• सः (saḥ) - the person who eats forbidden food and drinks liquor (he, that person)

• च (ca) - and

• अन्नम् (annam) - food

• हन्ति (hanti) - kills, harms, destroys

• तत् (tat) - that food (that, it)

• च (ca) - and

• अन्नम् (annam) - food

• सः (saḥ) - the person who caused harm, referring to the `budhaḥ` (he, that person)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having harmed, having destroyed

• हन्यते (hanyate) - is killed, is harmed, is destroyed

• बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person, a discerning person

Words meanings and morphology

अभक्ष्यभक्षणम् (abhakṣyabhakṣaṇam) - eating forbidden food, consuming that which should not be eaten

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhakṣyabhakṣaṇa

abhakṣyabhakṣaṇa - eating of forbidden food

Compound type : tatpurusha (abhakṣya+bhakṣaṇa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• bhakṣya – eatable, edible, fit to be eaten
  gerundive (neuter)
  gerundive
  From root bhakṣ 'to eat' with ṇyat suffix (gerundive).
  Root: bhakṣ (class 10)
• bhakṣaṇa – eating, consuming
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhakṣ 'to eat' with lyuṭ suffix.
  Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Functions as a subject here, or an object if hanti is implied for both.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

मद्यपानम् (madyapānam) - drinking liquor, consumption of intoxicating drinks

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of madyapāna

madyapāna - drinking of spirituous liquor

Compound type : tatpurusha (madya+pāna)

• madya – intoxicating, liquor, wine
  noun (neuter)
• pāna – drinking, a drink
  noun (neuter)
  From root pā 'to drink' with lyuṭ suffix.
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a subject here, or an object if hanti is implied for both.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हन्ति (hanti) - kills, harms, destroys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of han

present tense

From root han (2nd class), present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: han (class 2)

तम् (tam) - a person (generally) (him, that person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him, it

सः (saḥ) - the person who eats forbidden food and drinks liquor (he, that person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him, it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, boiled rice, grain

Root: ad (class 2)

हन्ति (hanti) - kills, harms, destroys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of han

present tense

From root han (2nd class), present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: han (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that food (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him, it

Note: Refers to annam. Implies that the food harms in return.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, boiled rice, grain

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Functions as a subject here, with 'hanti tam' being implied.

सः (saḥ) - the person who caused harm, referring to the `budhaḥ` (he, that person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him, it

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having harmed, having destroyed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root han (2nd class) with ktvā suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

हन्यते (hanyate) - is killed, is harmed, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of han

present passive tense

From root han (2nd class), present tense, passive voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: han (class 2)

बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person, a discerning person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned, a wise man

From root budh 'to know'.

Root: budh (class 1)