महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-24, verse-18

सच्चासच्चैव तद्द्वंद्वं तयोर्मध्ये हुताशनः ।
एतद्रूपमुदानस्य परमं ब्राह्मणा विदुः ॥१८॥

18. saccāsaccaiva taddvaṁdvaṁ tayormadhye hutāśanaḥ ,
etadrūpamudānasya paramaṁ brāhmaṇā viduḥ.

18. sat ca asat ca eva tat dvandvam tayoḥ madhye
hutāśanaḥ etat rūpam udānasya paramam brāhmaṇāḥ viduḥ

18. sat ca asat ca eva tat dvandvam tayoḥ madhye
hutāśanaḥ brāhmaṇāḥ etat udānasya paramam rūpam viduḥ

18. Existence and non-existence, this indeed is a duality. In the middle of these two is the fire. Brahmins understand this to be the supreme form of the udāna (vital air).

Words meanings summery:

• सत् (sat) - existing, real, true, good, being

• च (ca) - and

• असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal, false, evil, non-being

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• तत् (tat) - that

• द्वन्द्वम् (dvandvam) - a pair, a duality

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of the two

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, amidst

• हुताशनः (hutāśanaḥ) - fire (literally, 'eater of oblations')

• एतत् (etat) - this

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, nature

• उदानस्य (udānasya) - of udāna (a vital air)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brahmins, knowers of brahman

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know

Words meanings and morphology

सत् (sat) - existing, real, true, good, being

(adjective)

Nominative, singular of sat

sat - existing, real, true, good, being; the existent, the good

Present Active Participle

From root √as (to be, exist)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Often used as a noun meaning 'being' or 'reality'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal, false, evil, non-being

(adjective)

Nominative, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, evil, non-being; the non-existent, the bad

Present Active Participle (negated)

Negation of present active participle of root √as (to be, exist)

Prefix: a

Root: as (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the duality of existence and non-existence

द्वन्द्वम् (dvandvam) - a pair, a duality

(noun)

neuter, singular of dvandva

dvandva - a pair, a couple, a duality, a conflict

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of the two

(pronoun)

dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to both existence and non-existence

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, amidst

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of locative singular

हुताशनः (hutāśanaḥ) - fire (literally, 'eater of oblations')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hutāśana

hutāśana - fire, Agni

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (huta+aśana)

• huta – offered, sacrificed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √hu (to offer, sacrifice)
  Root: hu (class 3)
• aśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  Root: aś (class 9)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, nature

(noun)

neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, nature, beauty

उदानस्य (udānasya) - of udāna (a vital air)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of udāna

udāna - one of the five vital airs (prāṇas) responsible for speech and upward movements

Prefix: ud

Root: an (class 2)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest

(adjective)

neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brahmins, knowers of brahman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class; one who knows brahman

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)