महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-24, verse-3

नारद उवाच ।
येनायं सृज्यते जन्तुस्ततोऽन्यः पूर्वमेति तम् ।
प्राणद्वंद्वं च विज्ञेयं तिर्यगं चोर्ध्वगं च यत् ॥३॥

3. nārada uvāca ,
yenāyaṁ sṛjyate jantustato'nyaḥ pūrvameti tam ,
prāṇadvaṁdvaṁ ca vijñeyaṁ tiryagaṁ cordhvagaṁ ca yat.

3. nāradaḥ uvāca yena ayam sṛjyate jantuḥ tataḥ anyaḥ pūrvam eti
tam prāṇadvandvam ca vijñeyam tiryagam ca ūrdhvagam ca yat

3. nāradaḥ uvāca yena ayam jantuḥ sṛjyate tataḥ anyaḥ pūrvam tam
eti ca yat tiryagam ca ūrdhvagam prāṇadvandvam ca vijñeyam

3. Nārada said: That by which this living being (jantu) is created, separate from that (creational cause), a vital force (prāṇa) first enters it. And the dual vital principle (prāṇa-dvandvam), which moves both horizontally (tiryagam) and upwards (ūrdhvagām), should be known.

Words meanings summery:

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Narada (a divine sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine nominative singular)

• सृज्यते (sṛjyate) - is created, is produced, is born

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being, creature

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that, then, therefore, thence

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another vital force (another, other, distinct)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, previously, earlier

• एति (eti) - comes, goes, approaches

• तम् (tam) - that creature (that (masculine accusative singular))

• प्राणद्वन्द्वम् (prāṇadvandvam) - the pair of vital breaths, dual vital principle

• च (ca) - and

• विज्ञेयम् (vijñeyam) - should be known, is to be understood

• तिर्यगम् (tiryagam) - moving horizontally, related to vital air (vyāna) (moving horizontally, going sideways, oblique)

• च (ca) - and

• ऊर्ध्वगम् (ūrdhvagam) - moving upwards, related to vital air (udāna) (moving upwards, ascending)

• च (ca) - and

• यत् (yat) - which, that (neuter nominative/accusative singular)

Words meanings and morphology

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Narada (a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Narada (a divine sage, son of Brahma)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense (lit)

3rd person singular, perfect, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Qualifies `jantuḥ`.

सृज्यते (sṛjyate) - is created, is produced, is born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of sṛj

present tense passive

3rd person singular, present, ātmanepada, passive voice

Root: sṛj (class 6)

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being, creature

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, human being, person

From root `jan` (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of `sṛjyate`.

ततः (tataḥ) - from that, then, therefore, thence

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem `ta` + suffix `tas`

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another vital force (another, other, distinct)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different, distinct

Note: Subject of `eti`.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, previously, earlier

(indeclinable)

एति (eti) - comes, goes, approaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

present tense

3rd person singular, present, parasmaipada

Root: i (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that creature (that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of `eti`.

प्राणद्वन्द्वम् (prāṇadvandvam) - the pair of vital breaths, dual vital principle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāṇadvandva

prāṇadvandva - a pair of vital breaths, dual vital principle

Compound of `prāṇa` (vital breath) and `dvandva` (pair/duality)

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāṇa+dvandva)

• prāṇa – breath, life-breath, vital air
  noun (masculine)
  From `pra` + root `an` (to breathe)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• dvandva – pair, couple, duality, conflict
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of `vijñeyam`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

विज्ञेयम् (vijñeyam) - should be known, is to be understood

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vijñeya

vijñeya - to be known, to be understood, intelligible

gerundive (future passive participle)

From `vi` + root `jñā` (to know) + `eya` pratyaya

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

तिर्यगम् (tiryagam) - moving horizontally, related to vital air (vyāna) (moving horizontally, going sideways, oblique)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tiryaga

tiryaga - moving horizontally, sideways, oblique; animal

Compound of `tiras` (across) + `ga` (going)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (tiras+ga)

• tiras – across, horizontally, beyond
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving, residing in
  adjective/suffix (masculine)
  From root `gam` (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

ऊर्ध्वगम् (ūrdhvagam) - moving upwards, related to vital air (udāna) (moving upwards, ascending)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ūrdhvaga

ūrdhvaga - moving upwards, ascending

Compound of `ūrdhva` (upward) + `ga` (going)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (ūrdhva+ga)

• ūrdhva – up, upwards, elevated
  indeclinable/adjective (neuter)
• ga – going, moving, residing in
  adjective/suffix (masculine)
  From root `gam` (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

यत् (yat) - which, that (neuter nominative/accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun