महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-12, verse-1

वासुदेव उवाच ।
द्विविधो जायते व्याधिः शारीरो मानसस्तथा ।
परस्परं तयोर्जन्म निर्द्वंद्वं नोपलभ्यते ॥१॥

1. vāsudeva uvāca ,
dvividho jāyate vyādhiḥ śārīro mānasastathā ,
parasparaṁ tayorjanma nirdvaṁdvaṁ nopalabhyate.

1. vāsudevaḥ uvāca dvividhaḥ jāyate vyādhiḥ śārīraḥ mānasaḥ
tathā parasparam tayoḥ janma nirdvandvam na upalabhyate

1. vāsudevaḥ uvāca vyādhiḥ dvividhaḥ śārīraḥ mānasaḥ tathā
jāyate tayoḥ janma parasparam nirdvandvam na upalabhyate

1. Vāsudeva said: Affliction (vyādhi) arises in two forms: physical and mental. The origin of these two is not found to be independent of each other (nirdvandva).

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (Krishna)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• द्विविधः (dvividhaḥ) - of two kinds, twofold

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

• व्याधिः (vyādhiḥ) - disease, affliction, ailment

• शारीरः (śārīraḥ) - physical, bodily, corporeal

• मानसः (mānasaḥ) - mental, of the mind

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, and

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, reciprocally, each other

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of the physical and mental afflictions (of the two, of them)

• जन्म (janma) - birth, origin, production

• निर्द्वन्द्वम् (nirdvandvam) - without duality, independent, without conflict

• न (na) - not, no

• उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is found, is obtained

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Krishna (son of Vasudeva), Vishnu

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

द्विविधः (dvividhaḥ) - of two kinds, twofold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvividha

dvividha - of two kinds, twofold, various

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+vidha)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of jan

Present tense (lat), 3rd person singular, middle voice

Root: jan (class 4)

व्याधिः (vyādhiḥ) - disease, affliction, ailment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyādhi

vyādhi - disease, sickness, ailment, affliction

From root dhā (to place) with prefix vyā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

शारीरः (śārīraḥ) - physical, bodily, corporeal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śārīra

śārīra - belonging to the body, bodily, corporeal, physical

Derived from śarīra (body)

मानसः (mānasaḥ) - mental, of the mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānasa

mānasa - belonging to the mind, mental, spiritual

Derived from manas (mind)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, and

(indeclinable)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, reciprocally, each other

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of the physical and mental afflictions (of the two, of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

जन्म (janma) - birth, origin, production

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, production, existence

निर्द्वन्द्वम् (nirdvandvam) - without duality, independent, without conflict

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirdvandva

nirdvandva - free from pairs of opposites, undualistic, without conflict or contention

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+dvandva)

• nir – without, out, cessation
  indeclinable
• dvandva – pair, couple, duality, conflict, opposition
  noun (neuter)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is found, is obtained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of labh

Present tense (lat), 3rd person singular, passive voice

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)