महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-346, verse-8

त्यक्ताहारेण भवता वने निवसता सता ।
बालवृद्धमिदं सर्वं पीड्यते धर्मसंकटात् ॥८॥

8. tyaktāhāreṇa bhavatā vane nivasatā satā ,
bālavṛddhamidaṁ sarvaṁ pīḍyate dharmasaṁkaṭāt.

8. tyaktāhāreṇa bhavatā vane nivasatā satā
bālavṛddham idam sarvam pīḍyate dharmasaṅkaṭāt

8. Because of you, residing in the forest and having abandoned food, this entire community of children and elders is suffering from a crisis of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्ताहारेण (tyaktāhāreṇa) - by one who has abandoned food

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (honorific)

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• निवसता (nivasatā) - by one dwelling

• सता (satā) - by being, by the good

• बालवृद्धम् (bālavṛddham) - this community of children and elders (children and old people (as a collective))

• इदम् (idam) - this, this here

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• पीड्यते (pīḍyate) - is afflicted, is tormented

• धर्मसङ्कटात् (dharmasaṅkaṭāt) - from a crisis of (dharma), from a moral dilemma

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्ताहारेण (tyaktāhāreṇa) - by one who has abandoned food

(compound)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tyakta+āhāra)

• tyakta – abandoned, relinquished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √tyaj
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• āhāra – food, sustenance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √hṛ with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the person addressed.

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From √bhū (to be), class 1

Root: bhū (class 1)

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

निवसता (nivasatā) - by one dwelling

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nivasat

nivasat - dwelling, residing

Present Active Participle

Derived from √vas with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhavatā'.

सता (satā) - by being, by the good

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous

Present Active Participle

Derived from √as (to be), class 2

Root: as (class 2)

बालवृद्धम् (bālavṛddham) - this community of children and elders (children and old people (as a collective))

(compound)

Compound type : dvandva (bāla+vṛddha)

• bāla – child, young
  noun (masculine)
• vṛddha – old, aged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √vṛdh
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Treated as a collective noun here, hence neuter singular.

इदम् (idam) - this, this here

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Agrees with 'bālavṛddham' and 'sarvam'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'bālavṛddham' and 'idam'.

पीड्यते (pīḍyate) - is afflicted, is tormented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pīḍ

Present Tense, Third Person, Singular, Passive Voice

From √pīḍ (to torment), class 10, passive voice

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

धर्मसङ्कटात् (dharmasaṅkaṭāt) - from a crisis of (dharma), from a moral dilemma

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+saṅkaṭa)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• saṅkaṭa – crisis, difficulty, danger
  noun (neuter)

Note: Meaning 'from a crisis of (dharma)'.