महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-22, verse-2

क्षत्रधर्मेण धर्मज्ञ प्राप्य राज्यमनुत्तमम् ।
जित्वा चारीन्नरश्रेष्ठ तप्यते किं भवान्भृशम् ॥२॥

2. kṣatradharmeṇa dharmajña prāpya rājyamanuttamam ,
jitvā cārīnnaraśreṣṭha tapyate kiṁ bhavānbhṛśam.

2. kṣatradharmeṇa dharmajña prāpya rājyam anuttamam
jitvā cārīn naraśreṣṭha tapyate kim bhavān bhṛśam

2. dharmajña naraśreṣṭha kṣatradharmeṇa anuttamam rājyam
prāpya ca cārīn jitvā bhavān kim bhṛśam tapyate

2. O knower of natural law (dharma), O best of men, having obtained an unrivaled kingdom through the warrior's natural law (kṣatradharma), and having conquered your enemies—why are you so greatly tormented?

Words meanings summery:

• क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the warrior's natural law (kṣatradharma) (by the natural law/duty of a kṣatriya)

• धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of natural law (dharma) (O knower of natural law/duty)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained (having obtained, having reached)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - a kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unrivaled (unrivaled, supreme, excellent)

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered (having conquered, having won)

• चारीन् (cārīn) - enemies (enemies, spies, wanderers)

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best of men

• तप्यते (tapyate) - are you tormented (is tormented, undergoes penance, suffers)

• किम् (kim) - why? (what? why? whether?)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (your honor) (your honor, you (polite))

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, excessively (greatly, excessively, much)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the warrior's natural law (kṣatradharma) (by the natural law/duty of a kṣatriya)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - the natural law, duty, or conduct of a kṣatriya (warrior class)

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – dominion, power, rule, the warrior class
  noun (neuter)
  From root √kṣi (to rule, possess)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, essential quality
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ (to hold, support, maintain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Means by means of the kṣatriya dharma.

धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of natural law (dharma) (O knower of natural law/duty)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of natural law/duty, righteous

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, essential quality
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ (to hold, support, maintain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, understanding, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun (suffix)
  From root √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Address to Yudhiṣṭhira.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained (having obtained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From pra- (forth) + √āp (to obtain)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - a kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, reign, sovereignty, royalty

From rājan (king) + -ya (suffix)

Root: rāj (class 1)

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unrivaled (unrivaled, supreme, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unrivaled, supreme, excellent, incomparable

Negative prefix 'an-' + uttama (supreme)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+uttama)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Used before vowels.
• uttama – highest, best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'ud' or 'ava'

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered (having conquered, having won)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √ji (to conquer, win)

Root: ji (class 1)

चारीन् (cārīn) - enemies (enemies, spies, wanderers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of cārin

cārin - moving, going, wandering, a spy, an enemy, a follower

Agent noun

From root √car (to move, wander)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to opposing forces.

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men, foremost among men

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being, hero
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, superior, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy)

Note: Address to Yudhiṣṭhira.

तप्यते (tapyate) - are you tormented (is tormented, undergoes penance, suffers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of tap

Present Middle

From root √tap (to heat, torment), 4th class (yat-pratyaya) middle voice form.

Root: tap (class 4)

Note: Here used in the sense of 'suffering distress'.

किम् (kim) - why? (what? why? whether?)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative particle.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (your honor) (your honor, you (polite))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you, being, existing

Present Active Participle (used as polite 2nd person pronoun)

From root √bhū (to be). Used as a respectful second-person pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, excessively (greatly, excessively, much)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'bhṛśa' (strong, vehement).