महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-181, verse-4

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश्च द्विजसत्तम ।
ये चान्ये भूतसंघानां संघास्तांश्चापि निर्ममे ॥४॥

4. brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrāśca dvijasattama ,
ye cānye bhūtasaṁghānāṁ saṁghāstāṁścāpi nirmame.

4. brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyāḥ vaiśyāḥ śūdrāḥ ca dvijasattama
ye ca anye bhūtasaṃghānām saṃghāḥ tān ca api nirmame

4. dvijasattama brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyāḥ vaiśyāḥ ca śūdrāḥ ca
ye ca anye bhūtasaṃghānām saṃghāḥ tān ca api nirmame

4. O best of the twice-born, he created Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras; and also those other groups among the hosts of beings.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, members of the priestly class

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas, members of the warrior/ruling class

• वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaishyas, members of the merchant/farmer class

• शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Shudras, members of the laboring class

• च (ca) - and, also

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of the twice-born

• ये (ye) - those who

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• भूतसंघानाम् (bhūtasaṁghānām) - of the hosts of beings, of the multitudes of creatures

• संघाः (saṁghāḥ) - hosts, groups, multitudes

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• निर्ममे (nirmame) - he created, he fashioned

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, members of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, member of the priestly class

from brahman (sacred knowledge/priest) + aṇ

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas, members of the warrior/ruling class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - Kshatriya, member of the warrior or ruling class

from kṣatra (rule, dominion) + iya

वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaishyas, members of the merchant/farmer class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaiśya

vaiśya - Vaishya, member of the merchant, agricultural, or artisan class

from viś (settlement, community) + ya

शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Shudras, members of the laboring class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūdra

śūdra - Shudra, member of the laboring class

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of the twice-born

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best of the twice-born

tatpurusha compound: dvija (twice-born) + sattama (best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born, a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth
  noun (masculine)
  compound of dvi (two) + ja (born)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of sat (good)

Note: Refers to the listener or narrator of the text, likely a Rishi or a sage.

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

भूतसंघानाम् (bhūtasaṁghānām) - of the hosts of beings, of the multitudes of creatures

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhūtasaṃgha

bhūtasaṁgha - host of beings, multitude of creatures

tatpurusha compound: bhūta (being, creature) + saṃgha (host, multitude)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūta+saṃgha)

• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √bhū (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• saṃgha – assembly, host, multitude, community
  noun (masculine)
  from saṃ-√han (to strike together, collect)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural, agreeing with 'hosts' or 'multitudes' of beings.

संघाः (saṁghāḥ) - hosts, groups, multitudes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃgha

saṁgha - assembly, host, multitude, community

from saṃ-√han (to strike together, collect)

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 2)

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'ye'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

निर्ममे (nirmame) - he created, he fashioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of √mā

Perfect Middle

3rd person singular, perfect tense, middle voice

Prefix: nir

Root: mā (class 3)