महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-174, verse-9

उपतिष्ठति तिष्ठन्तं गच्छन्तमनुगच्छति ।
करोति कुर्वतः कर्म छायेवानुविधीयते ॥९॥

9. upatiṣṭhati tiṣṭhantaṁ gacchantamanugacchati ,
karoti kurvataḥ karma chāyevānuvidhīyate.

9. upatiṣṭhati tiṣṭhantam gacchantam anugacchati
karoti kurvataḥ karma chāyā iva anuvidhīyate

9. tiṣṭhantam upatiṣṭhati gacchantam anugacchati
kurvataḥ karma karoti chāyā iva anuvidhīyate

9. It stands by one who is standing, follows one who is going, and performs the action of one who is acting; it adheres (to him) just like a shadow.

Words meanings summery:

• उपतिष्ठति (upatiṣṭhati) - stands near, attends, serves, approaches

• तिष्ठन्तम् (tiṣṭhantam) - one who is standing, remaining

• गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - one who is going, moving

• अनुगच्छति (anugacchati) - follows, goes after

• करोति (karoti) - does, makes, performs

• कुर्वतः (kurvataḥ) - of one who is doing, of an agent

• कर्म (karma) - consequence of action (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual, consequence of action)

• छाया (chāyā) - shadow, shade, reflection, image

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अनुविधीयते (anuvidhīyate) - is followed, is conformed to, adheres

Words meanings and morphology

उपतिष्ठति (upatiṣṭhati) - stands near, attends, serves, approaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upatiṣṭhati

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

तिष्ठन्तम् (tiṣṭhantam) - one who is standing, remaining

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, remaining

Present Active Participle

Root: sthā (class 1)

गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - one who is going, moving

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving

Present Active Participle

Root: gam (class 1)

अनुगच्छति (anugacchati) - follows, goes after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anugacchati

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

करोति (karoti) - does, makes, performs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of karoti

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कुर्वतः (kurvataḥ) - of one who is doing, of an agent

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kurvat

kurvat - doing, making, performing

Present Active Participle

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - consequence of action (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual, consequence of action)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, consequence of action (karma)

छाया (chāyā) - shadow, shade, reflection, image

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of chāyā

chāyā - shadow, shade, reflection, image

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अनुविधीयते (anuvidhīyate) - is followed, is conformed to, adheres

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of anuvidhīyate

Formed from anu-vi-dhā (passive)

Prefix: anu

Root: dhā (class 3)