महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-174, verse-7

पुलाका इव धान्येषु पुत्तिका इव पक्षिषु ।
तद्विधास्ते मनुष्येषु येषां धर्मो न कारणम् ॥७॥

7. pulākā iva dhānyeṣu puttikā iva pakṣiṣu ,
tadvidhāste manuṣyeṣu yeṣāṁ dharmo na kāraṇam.

7. pulākāḥ iva dhānyeṣu puttikāḥ iva pakṣiṣu
tadvidhāḥ te manuṣyeṣu yeṣām dharmaḥ na kāraṇam

7. yeṣām dharmaḥ kāraṇam na,
te manuṣyeṣu tadvidhāḥ; pulākāḥ iva dhānyeṣu; puttikāḥ iva pakṣiṣu

7. Just as empty grains among the cereals, and insignificant small birds among the birds, so are those people among humanity for whom natural law (dharma) is not a guiding principle.

Words meanings summery:

• पुलाकाः (pulākāḥ) - empty grains (empty grains, worthless grains)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

• धान्येषु (dhānyeṣu) - among the cereals (among grains, among cereals)

• पुत्तिकाः (puttikāḥ) - insignificant small birds (small birds, sparrows, insects)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

• पक्षिषु (pakṣiṣu) - among the birds (among birds)

• तद्विधाः (tadvidhāḥ) - such (people) (of that kind, such like)

• ते (te) - those (people) (they, those)

• मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among humans (among men, among humans)

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - for whom (of whom, for whom)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, religion)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - a guiding principle (cause, reason, instrument, motive)

Words meanings and morphology

पुलाकाः (pulākāḥ) - empty grains (empty grains, worthless grains)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pulāka

pulāka - empty or hollow grain, unhusked grain, worthless grain

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

धान्येषु (dhānyeṣu) - among the cereals (among grains, among cereals)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of dhānya

dhānya - grain, corn, cereal

Root: dhā (class 3)

पुत्तिकाः (puttikāḥ) - insignificant small birds (small birds, sparrows, insects)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of puttikā

puttikā - small bird, sparrow, insect, moth

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

पक्षिषु (pakṣiṣu) - among the birds (among birds)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird, winged creature

तद्विधाः (tadvidhāḥ) - such (people) (of that kind, such like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tadvidha

tadvidha - of that kind, such like, similar to that

Compound of 'tad' (that) and 'vidha' (kind, sort).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tad+vidha)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• vidha – kind, sort, manner, form
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the implied subject 'those people'.

ते (te) - those (people) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among humans (among men, among humans)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, person

येषाम् (yeṣām) - for whom (of whom, for whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, religion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, moral order, religion, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - a guiding principle (cause, reason, instrument, motive)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument, means, origin

From root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -ana.

Root: kṛ (class 8)