महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-4, verse-11

अहो विनिकृतो लोको लोभेन च वशीकृतः ।
लोभक्रोधमदोन्मत्तो नात्मानमवबुध्यते ॥११॥

11. aho vinikṛto loko lobhena ca vaśīkṛtaḥ ,
lobhakrodhamadonmatto nātmānamavabudhyate.

11. aho vinikṛtaḥ lokaḥ lobhena ca vaśīkṛtaḥ lobha
krodha mada unmattaḥ na ātmanam avabudhyate

11. aho lokaḥ lobhena vinikṛtaḥ ca vaśīkṛtaḥ
lobhakrodhamadonmattaḥ ātmanam na avabudhyate

11. Alas, people are deceived and subjugated by greed. Maddened by greed, anger, and arrogance, one does not understand their own true self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• अहो (aho) - alas!, oh!, ah!

• विनिकृतः (vinikṛtaḥ) - deceived, disgraced, humiliated

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - world, people, humankind

• लोभेन (lobhena) - by greed

• च (ca) - and, also

• वशीकृतः (vaśīkṛtaḥ) - subjugated, brought under control, overpowered

• लोभ (lobha) - greed, covetousness

• क्रोध (krodha) - anger, wrath

• मद (mada) - intoxication, arrogance, pride

• उन्मत्तः (unmattaḥ) - maddened, insane, intoxicated

• न (na) - not, no

• आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the self, oneself

• अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - understands, perceives, realizes

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - alas!, oh!, ah!

(indeclinable)

विनिकृतः (vinikṛtaḥ) - deceived, disgraced, humiliated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinikṛta

vinikṛta - deceived, disgraced, humiliated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root √kṛ (to do, make) with prefixes vi- and ni-.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

लोकः (lokaḥ) - world, people, humankind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm

लोभेन (lobhena) - by greed

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वशीकृतः (vaśīkṛtaḥ) - subjugated, brought under control, overpowered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaśīkṛta

vaśīkṛta - subjugated, made obedient

Past Passive Participle

Formed from vaśī-kṛ (to make subservient).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

लोभ (lobha) - greed, covetousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness

Note: First part of a multi-word compound 'lobhakrodhamadonmattaḥ'.

क्रोध (krodha) - anger, wrath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath

Note: Part of a multi-word compound 'lobhakrodhamadonmattaḥ'.

मद (mada) - intoxication, arrogance, pride

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mada

mada - intoxication, arrogance, pride

Note: Part of a multi-word compound 'lobhakrodhamadonmattaḥ'.

उन्मत्तः (unmattaḥ) - maddened, insane, intoxicated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of unmatta

unmatta - maddened, insane, frenzied

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root √mad (to be intoxicated, to rejoice) with prefix ut-.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (lobha+krodha+mada+unmatta)

• lobha – greed
  noun (masculine)
• krodha – anger
  noun (masculine)
• mada – intoxication, arrogance
  noun (masculine)
• unmatta – maddened, frenzied
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root √mad with prefix ut-.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: mad (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the self, oneself

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit (ātman)

अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - understands, perceives, realizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ava-√budh

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 4)