महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-14, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इङ्गितेनैव दाशार्हस्तमभिप्रायमादितः ।
द्रौणेर्बुद्ध्वा महाबाहुरर्जुनं प्रत्यभाषत ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
iṅgitenaiva dāśārhastamabhiprāyamāditaḥ ,
drauṇerbuddhvā mahābāhurarjunaṁ pratyabhāṣata.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca iṅgitena eva dāśārhaḥ tam abhiprāyam
āditaḥ drauṇeḥ buddhvā mahābāhuḥ arjunam pratyabhāṣata

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca mahābāhuḥ dāśārhaḥ āditaḥ iṅgitena
eva drauṇeḥ tam abhiprāyam buddhvā arjunam pratyabhāṣata

1. Vaiśampāyana said: The mighty-armed (Krishna), a descendant of Daśārha, having understood Droṇa's son's intention from the very beginning merely by a hint, then spoke to Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इङ्गितेन (iṅgitena) - by a sign, by a hint, by a gesture

• एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed

• दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Krishna (a descendant of Daśārha) (descendant of Daśārha)

• तम् (tam) - that

• अभिप्रायम् (abhiprāyam) - intention, design, purpose

• आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, initially

• द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Aśvatthāman (of Droṇa's son)

• बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, having known

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Krishna (who is mighty-armed) (mighty-armed)

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - spoke back, replied

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इङ्गितेन (iṅgitena) - by a sign, by a hint, by a gesture

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of iṅgita

iṅgita - sign, hint, gesture, indication

एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed

(indeclinable)

दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Krishna (a descendant of Daśārha) (descendant of Daśārha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśārha

dāśārha - descendant of Daśārha, Krishna

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

अभिप्रायम् (abhiprāyam) - intention, design, purpose

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhiprāya

abhiprāya - intention, purpose, design, meaning

आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, initially

(indeclinable)

द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Aśvatthāman (of Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona, Aśvatthāman

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, having known

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root: budh (class 1)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Krishna (who is mighty-armed) (mighty-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, one with great arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - spoke back, replied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratibhāṣ

From root 'bhāṣ' (to speak) with prefix 'prati', in the imperfect tense, middle voice.

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)