महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-82, verse-4

शक्र उवाच ।
यदा स पूरुस्तव रूपेण राजञ्जरां गृहीत्वा प्रचचार भूमौ ।
तदा राज्यं संप्रदायैव तस्मै त्वया किमुक्तः कथयेह सत्यम् ॥४॥

4. śakra uvāca ,
yadā sa pūrustava rūpeṇa rāja;ñjarāṁ gṛhītvā pracacāra bhūmau ,
tadā rājyaṁ saṁpradāyaiva tasmai; tvayā kimuktaḥ kathayeha satyam.

4. śakraḥ uvāca yadā sa pūruḥ tava rūpeṇa
rājan jarām gṛhītvā pracacāra bhūmau
tadā rājyam sampradāya eva tasmai
tvayā kim uktaḥ kathaya iha satyam

4. Shakra said: 'O King, when that Puru assumed your form and took on your old age, living on earth, what exactly did you say to him after handing over the kingdom? Tell me the truth now.'

Words meanings summery:

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Shakra, Indra

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• स (sa) - he, that

• पूरुः (pūruḥ) - Puru (name of Yayati's son)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - by form, in the form of

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• जराम् (jarām) - old age

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having grasped

• प्रचचार (pracacāra) - wandered, lived, roamed

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth, on the ground

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• सम्प्रदाय (sampradāya) - having given over, having bestowed

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to him

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• किम् (kim) - what?

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said

• कथय (kathaya) - tell! narrate!

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth

Words meanings and morphology

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Shakra, Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Shakra (a name for Indra, the king of the gods)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

पूरुः (pūruḥ) - Puru (name of Yayati's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūru

pūru - Puru (a mythological king, son of Yayati)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - by form, in the form of

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

जराम् (jarām) - old age

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, infirmity, decay

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having grasped

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the verb root √grah with the suffix -tvā

Root: √grah (class 9)

प्रचचार (pracacāra) - wandered, lived, roamed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra + √car

Prefix: pra

Root: √car (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

सम्प्रदाय (sampradāya) - having given over, having bestowed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the verb root √dā with prefixes sam- and pra-

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: √dā (class 3)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

तस्मै (tasmai) - to him

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

किम् (kim) - what?

(interrogative)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the verb root √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

कथय (kathaya) - tell! narrate!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √kath

Root: √kath (class 10)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

(indeclinable)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real