महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-82, verse-12

न हीदृशं संवननं त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यते ।
यथा मैत्री च भूतेषु दानं च मधुरा च वाक् ॥१२॥

12. na hīdṛśaṁ saṁvananaṁ triṣu lokeṣu vidyate ,
yathā maitrī ca bhūteṣu dānaṁ ca madhurā ca vāk.

12. na hi īdṛśam saṃvananam triṣu lokeṣu vidyate
yathā maitrī ca bhūteṣu dānam ca madhurā ca vāk

12. Indeed, no such captivating power exists in the three worlds as friendliness towards all beings, dāna, and sweet speech.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

• संवननम् (saṁvananam) - captivating power (conciliation, captivating power, charm)

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in the three (worlds) (in three, among three)

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds (in the worlds, among the worlds)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (is found, exists)

• यथा (yathā) - as (as, just as, according to)

• मैत्री (maitrī) - friendliness (friendship, friendliness)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - towards beings (towards beings, among creatures, in elements)

• दानम् (dānam) - dāna (gift, giving, dāna)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मधुरा (madhurā) - sweet, pleasant (sweet, pleasant, charming)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वाक् (vāk) - speech (speech, word)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

neuter, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind

Note: Qualifies 'saṃvananam'.

संवननम् (saṁvananam) - captivating power (conciliation, captivating power, charm)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃvanana

saṁvanana - conciliation, charming, captivating, attracting

Derived from root 'van' with upasarga 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: van (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in the three (worlds) (in three, among three)

(adjective)

Locative, plural of tri

tri - three

Note: Qualifies 'lokeṣu'.

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds (in the worlds, among the worlds)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (is found, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Passive/Middle voice form of root 'vid'

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Verb for 'saṃvananam'.

यथा (yathā) - as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

मैत्री (maitrī) - friendliness (friendship, friendliness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maitrī

maitrī - friendship, friendliness, benevolence

From 'mitra' (friend)

Note: One of the virtues listed.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'maitrī' and 'dānam'.

भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - towards beings (towards beings, among creatures, in elements)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhū'

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Implies 'friendliness towards beings'.

दानम् (dānam) - dāna (gift, giving, dāna)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - gift, giving, liberality, charity

Derived from root 'dā'

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: One of the virtues listed.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'dānam' and 'madhurā vāk'.

मधुरा (madhurā) - sweet, pleasant (sweet, pleasant, charming)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming, melodious

Note: Qualifies 'vāk'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'madhurā' with 'vāk' as a combined item, or emphasizes the last item in a list.

वाक् (vāk) - speech (speech, word)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Note: Qualified by 'madhurā'.