महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-82, verse-10

सद्भिः पुरस्तादभिपूजितः स्यात्सद्भिस्तथा पृष्ठतो रक्षितः स्यात् ।
सदासतामतिवादांस्तितिक्षेत्सतां वृत्तं चाददीतार्यवृत्तः ॥१०॥

10. sadbhiḥ purastādabhipūjitaḥ syā;tsadbhistathā pṛṣṭhato rakṣitaḥ syāt ,
sadāsatāmativādāṁstitikṣe;tsatāṁ vṛttaṁ cādadītāryavṛttaḥ.

10. sadbhiḥ purastāt abhipūjitaḥ syāt
sadbhiḥ tathā pṛṣṭhataḥ rakṣitaḥ
syāt sadā asatām ativādān titikṣet
satām vṛttam ca ādadīta āryavṛttaḥ

10. One should be honored by the good in front and similarly protected by them from behind. One should always endure the insults of the wicked. A person of noble conduct should adopt the behavior of the virtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by good people, by the virtuous

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front, before, eastward

• अभिपूजितः (abhipūjitaḥ) - honored, worshipped, revered

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by good people, by the virtuous

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind, from the back

• रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected, guarded

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• असताम् (asatām) - of the wicked, of the bad people

• अतिवादान् (ativādān) - insults, abuses, harsh words

• तितिक्षेत् (titikṣet) - one should endure, should bear patiently

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior, course

• च (ca) - and

• आददीत (ādadīta) - should adopt, should take up, should take

• आर्यवृत्तः (āryavṛttaḥ) - of noble conduct, noble-minded

Words meanings and morphology

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by good people, by the virtuous

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing, true, a good person, a saint

Present Active Participle (from √as) used as a noun.

From root √as (to be) + Śatṛ suffix, masculine.

Root: as (class 2)

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front, before, eastward

(indeclinable)

Derived from pura (front) with suffix -stāt.

अभिपूजितः (abhipūjitaḥ) - honored, worshipped, revered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhipūjita

abhipūjita - honored, worshipped, adored, revered

Past Passive Participle

From root √pūj (to honor, worship) with upasarga abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: The implied subject (one who should be honored) is masculine singular nominative.

स्यात् (syāt) - should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Vidhi Liṅ) of as

Optative Mood, Third Person, Singular

From root √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by good people, by the virtuous

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing, true, a good person, a saint

Present Active Participle (from √as) used as a noun.

From root √as (to be) + Śatṛ suffix, masculine.

Root: as (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind, from the back

(indeclinable)

Derived from pṛṣṭha (back) with suffix -tas.

रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected, guarded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, guarded, preserved, defended

Past Passive Participle

From root √rakṣ (to protect).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Implied subject (one who should be protected) is masculine singular nominative.

स्यात् (syāt) - should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Vidhi Liṅ) of as

Optative Mood, Third Person, Singular

From root √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

असताम् (asatām) - of the wicked, of the bad people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of asat

asat - not good, wicked, bad, unreal, non-existent, a wicked person

Negative of Present Active Participle of √as, used as a noun.

Compound of a- (negation) and sat (good/existing).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• sat – good, virtuous, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root √as (to be) + Śatṛ suffix.
  Root: as (class 2)

अतिवादान् (ativādān) - insults, abuses, harsh words

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ativāda

ativāda - insulting speech, abuse, excessive talk, reviling

From root √vad (to speak) with upasarga ati-.

ati- (excessive/beyond) + vāda (speech).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+vāda)

• ati – beyond, excessive, over
  indeclinable
• vāda – speech, saying, argument, doctrine
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix -a from √vad
  From root √vad (to speak) + ghañ suffix.
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Object of `titikṣet`.

तितिक्षेत् (titikṣet) - one should endure, should bear patiently

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Vidhi Liṅ) of titikṣ

Optative Mood, Third Person, Singular

Desiderative form of root √sah (to bear) or √kṣam (to endure).

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is 'one'.

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing, true, a good person, a saint

Present Active Participle (from √as) used as a noun.

From root √as (to be) + Śatṛ suffix, masculine.

Root: as (class 2)

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior, course

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, course of action, occurrence, a sphere

Past Passive Participle (from √vṛt) used as a noun.

From root √vṛt (to turn, to be, to exist).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of `ādadīta`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आददीत (ādadīta) - should adopt, should take up, should take

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (Vidhi Liṅ) of ādā

Optative Mood, Third Person, Singular, Middle Voice

Root √dā (to give, take) with upasarga ā-. Middle voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The subject is `āryavṛttaḥ`.

आर्यवृत्तः (āryavṛttaḥ) - of noble conduct, noble-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āryavṛtta

āryavṛtta - one whose conduct is noble, of noble behavior, of good character

Bahuvrihi compound: āryaṃ vṛttaṃ yasya saḥ (one whose conduct is noble).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ārya+vṛtta)

• ārya – noble, honorable, respectable, Aryan
  adjective (masculine)
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, gone, turned
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle of √vṛt, used as noun.
  From root √vṛt (to turn, to exist).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject of `ādadīta`.