महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-6, verse-10

तत्त्वमाख्याहि तं ह्यद्य शप्तुमिच्छाम्यहं रुषा ।
बिभेति को न शापान्मे कस्य चायं व्यतिक्रमः ॥१०॥

10. tattvamākhyāhi taṁ hyadya śaptumicchāmyahaṁ ruṣā ,
bibheti ko na śāpānme kasya cāyaṁ vyatikramaḥ.

10. tattvam ākhyāhi tam hi adya śaptum icchāmi aham ruṣā
bibheti kaḥ na śāpāt me kasya ca ayam vyatikramaḥ

10. Tell me the truth, for today, in my wrath, I wish to curse him! Who does not fear my curses? And whose transgression is this?

Words meanings summery:

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the truth (truth, reality, essence)

• आख्याहि (ākhyāhi) - tell (me) (tell, reveal, relate)

• तम् (tam) - him (the Rākṣasa) (him, that)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (for, surely, indeed)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• शप्तुम् (śaptum) - to curse (him) (to curse)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Bhṛgu) (I)

• रुषा (ruṣā) - in wrath (with anger, in wrath)

• बिभेति (bibheti) - fears

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• न (na) - not

• शापात् (śāpāt) - from my curses (from a curse)

• मे (me) - my (curses) (my, of me)

• कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

• च (ca) - and

• अयम् (ayam) - this (transgression) (this)

• व्यतिक्रमः (vyatikramaḥ) - transgression, offense (transgression, violation, offense)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the truth (truth, reality, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, principle, essence

Note: Object of `ākhyāhi`.

आख्याहि (ākhyāhi) - tell (me) (tell, reveal, relate)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of khyā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him (the Rākṣasa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of `śaptum`.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (for, surely, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the command with the reason.

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

शप्तुम् (śaptum) - to curse (him) (to curse)

(infinitive)

Note: Used with `icchāmi`.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I (Bhṛgu) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of `icchāmi`.

रुषा (ruṣā) - in wrath (with anger, in wrath)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ruṣ

ruṣ - anger, wrath, rage

Note: Adverbial use.

बिभेति (bibheti) - fears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhī

Root: bhī (class 3)

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Subject of `bibheti`.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with `kaḥ` to form "who does not?".

शापात् (śāpāt) - from my curses (from a curse)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

Note: Object of fear with `bibheti`.

मे (me) - my (curses) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive pronoun.

कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Possessive question.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this (transgression) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'vyatikramaḥ'.

व्यतिक्रमः (vyatikramaḥ) - transgression, offense (transgression, violation, offense)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatikrama

vyatikrama - transgression, violation, offense, passing over

action noun

from root kram (to step, go) with prefixes vi and ati

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.