महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-164, verse-4

य एष गन्धर्वपते पूर्वेषां नः पुरोहितः ।
आसीदेतन्ममाचक्ष्व क एष भगवानृषिः ॥४॥

4. ya eṣa gandharvapate pūrveṣāṁ naḥ purohitaḥ ,
āsīdetanmamācakṣva ka eṣa bhagavānṛṣiḥ.

4. yaḥ eṣaḥ gandharvapate pūrveṣām naḥ purohitaḥ
| āsīt etat mama ācakṣva kaḥ eṣaḥ bhagavān ṛṣiḥ

4. O lord of Gandharvas, please tell me, who is this venerable sage who was the priest for our ancestors?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• गन्धर्वपते (gandharvapate) - O lord of Gandharvas

• पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors, of the former ones

• नः (naḥ) - our, of us

• पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - family priest, royal chaplain

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• एतत् (etat) - this

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable, glorious, divine

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

गन्धर्वपते (gandharvapate) - O lord of Gandharvas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gandharvapati

gandharvapati - lord of Gandharvas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandharva+pati)

• gandharva – a celestial musician, Gandharva
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors, of the former ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, prior, ancient, earlier, eastern

नः (naḥ) - our, of us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Can also be dative or accusative in other contexts.

पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - family priest, royal chaplain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purohita

purohita - one placed at the front, family priest, royal chaplain

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √as

Root: as (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Can also be genitive.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of ā-√cakṣ

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, which, what

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable, glorious, divine

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, glorious, divine, blessed, prosperous

Possessive suffix -vat from bhaga

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet