महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-164, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स गन्धर्ववचः श्रुत्वा तत्तदा भरतर्षभ ।
अर्जुनः परया प्रीत्या पूर्णचन्द्र इवाबभौ ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa gandharvavacaḥ śrutvā tattadā bharatarṣabha ,
arjunaḥ parayā prītyā pūrṇacandra ivābabhau.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca | saḥ gandharvavacaḥ śrutvā tat tadā
bharatarṣabha | arjunaḥ parayā prītyā pūrṇacandraḥ iva ababhau

1. Vaiśampāyana said: O best among the Bharatas, having heard the words of the Gandharva, Arjuna then shone with supreme delight like the full moon.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he, that)

• गन्धर्ववचः (gandharvavacaḥ) - words of the Gandharva

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तत् (tat) - then, at that time

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing King Janamejaya (O best among Bharatas, O bull of Bharatas)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• परया (parayā) - by supreme, by excellent

• प्रीत्या (prītyā) - by delight, with joy, by love

• पूर्णचन्द्रः (pūrṇacandraḥ) - the full moon

• इव (iva) - like, as

• अबभौ (ababhau) - shone, appeared

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गन्धर्ववचः (gandharvavacaḥ) - words of the Gandharva

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gandharvavacas

gandharvavacas - words of a Gandharva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandharva+vacas)

• gandharva – a celestial musician, Gandharva
  noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

तत् (tat) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' with suffix 'dā'

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing King Janamejaya (O best among Bharatas, O bull of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas, bull of the Bharatas (an epithet)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a member of the Bharata lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince), white, silver, clear

परया (parayā) - by supreme, by excellent

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of parā

parā - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate

प्रीत्या (prītyā) - by delight, with joy, by love

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - delight, joy, pleasure, love, satisfaction

Root: prī (class 4)

पूर्णचन्द्रः (pūrṇacandraḥ) - the full moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrṇacandra

pūrṇacandra - full moon

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrṇa+candra)

• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √pṛ 'to fill'
  Root: pṛ (class 9)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

अबभौ (ababhau) - shone, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √bhā

Root: bhā (class 1)