महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-164, verse-14

महीं जिगीषता राज्ञा ब्रह्म कार्यं पुरःसरम् ।
तस्मात्पुरोहितः कश्चिद्गुणवानस्तु वो द्विजः ॥१४॥

14. mahīṁ jigīṣatā rājñā brahma kāryaṁ puraḥsaram ,
tasmātpurohitaḥ kaścidguṇavānastu vo dvijaḥ.

14. mahīm jigīṣatā rājñā brahma kāryam puraḥsaram
tasmāt purohitaḥ kaścit guṇavān astu vaḥ dvijaḥ

14. A king who wishes to conquer the earth must make a brahmin (brahma) his foremost advisor. Therefore, let a virtuous twice-born (dvija) person be your royal priest (purohita).

14. מלך הרוצה לכבוש את הארץ צריך להציב בראש את כוח הבְּרַהְמִין. לכן יהיה לכם כוהן בית בעל סגולות, בְּרַהְמִין.

Words meanings summery:

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, land

• जिगीषता (jigīṣatā) - by one desiring to conquer, by one wishing for victory

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by a king, by a ruler

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - Here, refers to a brahmin, specifically as a royal priest or advisor. (a brahmin, sacred, divine power)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, should be made, should be appointed

• पुरःसरम् (puraḥsaram) - going before, leading, foremost, chief

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

• पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - royal priest, chief priest

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, some, a certain

• गुणवान् (guṇavān) - virtuous, possessing good qualities, meritorious

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be, let him be

• वः (vaḥ) - your, to you, for you

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brahmin, twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, land

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land, a cow

जिगीषता (jigīṣatā) - by one desiring to conquer, by one wishing for victory

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jigīṣat

jigīṣat - desiring to conquer, wishing to win

Desiderative Present Active Participle

Formed from the desiderative stem of root ji (to conquer) + present active participle suffix -at.

Root: ji (class 1)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by a king, by a ruler

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

ब्रह्म (brahma) - Here, refers to a brahmin, specifically as a royal priest or advisor. (a brahmin, sacred, divine power)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - sacred word, sacred knowledge, the Absolute (Brahman), a brahmin priest

Root: bṛh

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, should be made, should be appointed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, action, business

Gerundive

From root kṛ (to do, make) + gerundive suffix -ya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पुरःसरम् (puraḥsaram) - going before, leading, foremost, chief

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puraḥsara

puraḥsara - going before, leading, foremost, guide, leader

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (puras+sara)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• sara – going, moving, flowing
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective
  From root sṛ (to go, move) + suffix -a.
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

(indeclinable)

पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - royal priest, chief priest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purohita

purohita - a family priest, chaplain, minister, royal priest

From puras (before) + hita (placed, appointed, P.P.P. of dhā).

Root: dhā (class 3)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, some, a certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, some, a certain, any

Compound of kim (what) + cit (an indeclinable particle indicating indefiniteness).

गुणवान् (guṇavān) - virtuous, possessing good qualities, meritorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇavat

guṇavat - possessing qualities/virtues, virtuous, meritorious

Formed from guṇa (quality, virtue) with suffix -vat.

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be, let him be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √as

finite verb conjugation

Root as (to be) in imperative mood, 3rd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

वः (vaḥ) - your, to you, for you

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brahmin, twice-born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas); also bird, tooth, serpent

Compound of dvi (two) + ja (born).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective
  From root jan (to be born) + suffix -a.
  Root: jan (class 4)

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