महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-164, verse-14

महीं जिगीषता राज्ञा ब्रह्म कार्यं पुरःसरम् ।
तस्मात्पुरोहितः कश्चिद्गुणवानस्तु वो द्विजः ॥१४॥

14. mahīṁ jigīṣatā rājñā brahma kāryaṁ puraḥsaram ,
tasmātpurohitaḥ kaścidguṇavānastu vo dvijaḥ.

14. mahīm jigīṣatā rājñā brahma kāryam puraḥsaram
tasmāt purohitaḥ kaścit guṇavān astu vaḥ dvijaḥ

14. A king who wishes to conquer the earth must make a brahmin (brahma) his foremost advisor. Therefore, let a virtuous twice-born (dvija) person be your royal priest (purohita).

Words meanings summery:

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, land

• जिगीषता (jigīṣatā) - by one desiring to conquer, by one wishing for victory

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by a king, by a ruler

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - Here, refers to a brahmin, specifically as a royal priest or advisor. (a brahmin, sacred, divine power)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, should be made, should be appointed

• पुरःसरम् (puraḥsaram) - going before, leading, foremost, chief

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

• पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - royal priest, chief priest

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, some, a certain

• गुणवान् (guṇavān) - virtuous, possessing good qualities, meritorious

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be, let him be

• वः (vaḥ) - your, to you, for you

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brahmin, twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, land

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land, a cow

जिगीषता (jigīṣatā) - by one desiring to conquer, by one wishing for victory

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jigīṣat

jigīṣat - desiring to conquer, wishing to win

Desiderative Present Active Participle

Formed from the desiderative stem of root ji (to conquer) + present active participle suffix -at.

Root: ji (class 1)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by a king, by a ruler

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

ब्रह्म (brahma) - Here, refers to a brahmin, specifically as a royal priest or advisor. (a brahmin, sacred, divine power)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - sacred word, sacred knowledge, the Absolute (Brahman), a brahmin priest

Root: bṛh

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, should be made, should be appointed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, action, business

Gerundive

From root kṛ (to do, make) + gerundive suffix -ya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पुरःसरम् (puraḥsaram) - going before, leading, foremost, chief

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puraḥsara

puraḥsara - going before, leading, foremost, guide, leader

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (puras+sara)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• sara – going, moving, flowing
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective
  From root sṛ (to go, move) + suffix -a.
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

(indeclinable)

पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - royal priest, chief priest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purohita

purohita - a family priest, chaplain, minister, royal priest

From puras (before) + hita (placed, appointed, P.P.P. of dhā).

Root: dhā (class 3)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, some, a certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, some, a certain, any

Compound of kim (what) + cit (an indeclinable particle indicating indefiniteness).

गुणवान् (guṇavān) - virtuous, possessing good qualities, meritorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇavat

guṇavat - possessing qualities/virtues, virtuous, meritorious

Formed from guṇa (quality, virtue) with suffix -vat.

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be, let him be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √as

finite verb conjugation

Root as (to be) in imperative mood, 3rd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

वः (vaḥ) - your, to you, for you

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brahmin, twice-born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas); also bird, tooth, serpent

Compound of dvi (two) + ja (born).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective
  From root jan (to be born) + suffix -a.
  Root: jan (class 4)