महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-11, verse-14

अहिंसा सत्यवचनं क्षमा चेति विनिश्चितम् ।
ब्राह्मणस्य परो धर्मो वेदानां धरणादपि ॥१४॥

14. ahiṁsā satyavacanaṁ kṣamā ceti viniścitam ,
brāhmaṇasya paro dharmo vedānāṁ dharaṇādapi.

14. ahiṃsā satyavacanam kṣamā ca iti viniścitam
brāhmaṇasya paraḥ dharmaḥ vedānām dharaṇāt api

14. Non-violence, truthfulness, and forgiveness—these are definitively declared as the supreme duty of a Brāhmaṇa, even more so than the study and preservation of the Vedas.

Words meanings summery:

• अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - the ethical principle of abstaining from harming (non-violence, non-harming)

• सत्यवचनम् (satyavacanam) - the virtue of speaking truthfully, adherence to truth in communication (truthful speech, truthfulness)

• क्षमा (kṣamā) - the virtue of forgiving offenses and patiently enduring difficulties (forgiveness, patience, endurance, earth)

• च (ca) - connects the list of virtues (and, also)

• इति (iti) - marks the statement as a definitive declaration (thus, in this manner, so)

• विनिश्चितम् (viniścitam) - clearly defined and agreed upon as a fundamental principle (certainly determined, definitively established, ascertained)

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - belonging to a Brāhmaṇa (of a Brāhmaṇa)

• परः (paraḥ) - the most important or primary (supreme, highest, excellent)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the primary ethical and moral duty (duty, righteousness, virtue, law)

• वेदानाम् (vedānām) - related to the sacred texts, their study, and preservation (of the Vedas)

• धरणात् (dharaṇāt) - from the act of memorizing, preserving, or actively studying the Vedas (from bearing, from holding, from supporting, from studying)

• अपि (api) - emphasizes that these moral duties are paramount, even above the traditional religious duty of Vedic study (also, even, moreover, besides)

Words meanings and morphology

अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - the ethical principle of abstaining from harming (non-violence, non-harming)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ahiṃsā

ahiṁsā - non-harming, non-violence, abstinence from injury

action noun

from a- (not) + √hiṃs (to harm)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+hiṃsā)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• hiṃsā – harming, injury, violence
  noun (feminine)
  action noun
  from √hiṃs (to harm)
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

सत्यवचनम् (satyavacanam) - the virtue of speaking truthfully, adherence to truth in communication (truthful speech, truthfulness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satyavacana

satyavacana - truthful speech, truthfulness

Compound type : karmadhāraya (satya+vacana)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
  from sat (being)
• vacana – speech, word, saying
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  from √vac (to speak)
  Root: vac (class 2)

क्षमा (kṣamā) - the virtue of forgiving offenses and patiently enduring difficulties (forgiveness, patience, endurance, earth)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣamā

kṣamā - forgiveness, patience, endurance, earth

action noun

from √kṣam (to be patient, to endure)

Root: kṣam (class 1)

च (ca) - connects the list of virtues (and, also)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - marks the statement as a definitive declaration (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

विनिश्चितम् (viniścitam) - clearly defined and agreed upon as a fundamental principle (certainly determined, definitively established, ascertained)

(nominal form)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viniścita

viniścita - certainly determined, definitively established, ascertained, decided

past passive participle

from vi-ni-√ci (to ascertain)

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: participle functioning as predicate

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - belonging to a Brāhmaṇa (of a Brāhmaṇa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brāhmaṇa, relating to Brahman or the Vedas, priestly

परः (paraḥ) - the most important or primary (supreme, highest, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - highest, chief, principal, supreme, excellent

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the primary ethical and moral duty (duty, righteousness, virtue, law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, custom, religion

action noun

from √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वेदानाम् (vedānām) - related to the sacred texts, their study, and preservation (of the Vedas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of veda

veda - sacred knowledge, Veda, knowledge

from √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

धरणात् (dharaṇāt) - from the act of memorizing, preserving, or actively studying the Vedas (from bearing, from holding, from supporting, from studying)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dharaṇa

dharaṇa - bearing, holding, maintaining, wearing, preserving, studying

action noun

from √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: used with api to mean 'even more than'

अपि (api) - emphasizes that these moral duties are paramount, even above the traditional religious duty of Vedic study (also, even, moreover, besides)

(indeclinable)