महानिर्वाण-तन्त्रम्
mahānirvāṇa-tantram
-
chapter-11, verse-64
दुर्वाच्यं कथयन् पत्नीमेकाहमशनं त्यजेत् ।
त्र्यहं सन्ताडयन् रक्तं पातयन् सप्त वासरान् ॥६४॥
त्र्यहं सन्ताडयन् रक्तं पातयन् सप्त वासरान् ॥६४॥
64. durvācyaṁ kathayan patnīmekāhamaśanaṁ tyajet ,
tryahaṁ santāḍayan raktaṁ pātayan sapta vāsarān.
tryahaṁ santāḍayan raktaṁ pātayan sapta vāsarān.
64.
durvācyaṃ kathayan patnīm ekāham aśanaṃ tyajet
tryahaṃ santāḍayan raktaṃ pātayan sapta vāsaran
tryahaṃ santāḍayan raktaṃ pātayan sapta vāsaran
64.
durvācyaṃ kathayan ekāham aśanaṃ tyajet tryahaṃ
santāḍayan raktaṃ pātayan sapta vāsaran patnīm
santāḍayan raktaṃ pātayan sapta vāsaran patnīm
64. If a man speaks harsh words to his wife, he should fast for a single day. If he strikes her, he should fast for three days. If he causes her to bleed, he should fast for seven days.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दुर्वाच्यम् (durvācyam) - harsh words, abusive language, bad speech
- कथयन् (kathayan) - speaking, telling, uttering
- पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife, lawful wife
- एकाहम् (ekāham) - for a single day, one day
- अशनम् (aśanam) - food consumption / fasting (food, eating, meal)
- त्यजेत् (tyajet) - should give up food, i.e. should fast (should abandon, should give up, should relinquish)
- त्र्यहम् (tryaham) - for three days, three days
- सन्ताडयन् (santāḍayan) - striking, beating, chastising
- रक्तम् (raktam) - blood (blood, red color)
- पातयन् (pātayan) - causing to bleed, shedding blood (causing to fall, shedding, causing to flow)
- सप्त (sapta) - seven
- वासरन् (vāsaran) - days
Words meanings and morphology
दुर्वाच्यम् (durvācyam) - harsh words, abusive language, bad speech
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of durvācya
durvācya - harsh words, abusive language
Compound of dus (bad) and vācya (to be spoken)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+vācya)
- dus – bad, difficult
indeclinable
prefix - vācya – to be spoken, speech
adjective (neuter)
Gerundive
From vac (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)
कथयन् (kathayan) - speaking, telling, uttering
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kathayat
kathayat - speaking, telling
Present Active Participle
From kath (to tell, speak), 10th class
Root: kath (class 10)
पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife, lawful wife
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of patnī
patnī - wife, mistress
Feminine form of pati
एकाहम् (ekāham) - for a single day, one day
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ekāha
ekāha - a single day, period of one day
Compound of eka (one) and aha (day)
Compound type : tatpurusha (eka+aha)
- eka – one, single
adjective (masculine) - aha – day
noun (masculine)
Note: Used adverbially for duration
अशनम् (aśanam) - food consumption / fasting (food, eating, meal)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of aśana
aśana - eating, food
From aś (to eat)
Root: aś (class 9)
त्यजेत् (tyajet) - should give up food, i.e. should fast (should abandon, should give up, should relinquish)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of tyaj
Root tyaj, 1st class
Root: tyaj (class 1)
त्र्यहम् (tryaham) - for three days, three days
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tryaha
tryaha - period of three days
Compound of tri (three) and aha (day)
Compound type : tatpurusha (tri+aha)
- tri – three
adjective (masculine) - aha – day
noun (masculine)
सन्ताडयन् (santāḍayan) - striking, beating, chastising
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of santāḍayat
santāḍayat - beating, striking
Present Active Participle
From sam + taḍ (to beat, strike)
Prefix: sam
Root: taḍ (class 10)
रक्तम् (raktam) - blood (blood, red color)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rakta
rakta - blood, red
Noun derived from raktam
Root: rañj (class 4)
पातयन् (pātayan) - causing to bleed, shedding blood (causing to fall, shedding, causing to flow)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pātayat
pātayat - causing to fall, shedding
Present Active Participle (Causal)
Causal of pat (to fall)
Root: pat (class 1)
सप्त (sapta) - seven
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of saptan
saptan - seven
वासरन् (vāsaran) - days
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vāsara
vāsara - day