भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-18, verse-2
श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
काम्यानां कर्मणां न्यासं संन्यासं कवयो विदुः ।
सर्वकर्मफलत्यागं प्राहुस्त्यागं विचक्षणाः ॥२॥
काम्यानां कर्मणां न्यासं संन्यासं कवयो विदुः ।
सर्वकर्मफलत्यागं प्राहुस्त्यागं विचक्षणाः ॥२॥
2. śrībhagavānuvāca ,
kāmyānāṁ karmaṇāṁ nyāsaṁ saṁnyāsaṁ kavayo viduḥ ,
sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṁ prāhustyāgaṁ vicakṣaṇāḥ.
kāmyānāṁ karmaṇāṁ nyāsaṁ saṁnyāsaṁ kavayo viduḥ ,
sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṁ prāhustyāgaṁ vicakṣaṇāḥ.
2.
śrībhagavān uvāca kāmyānām karmaṇām nyāsam saṃnyāsam
kavayaḥ viduḥ sarvakarmaphalatyāgam prāhuḥ tyāgam vicakṣaṇāḥ
kavayaḥ viduḥ sarvakarmaphalatyāgam prāhuḥ tyāgam vicakṣaṇāḥ
2.
śrībhagavān uvāca kavayaḥ kāmyānām karmaṇām nyāsam saṃnyāsam
viduḥ vicakṣaṇāḥ sarvakarmaphalatyāgam tyāgam prāhuḥ
viduḥ vicakṣaṇāḥ sarvakarmaphalatyāgam tyāgam prāhuḥ
2.
The Blessed Lord (śrībhagavān) said: The wise (kavayaḥ) understand renunciation (saṃnyāsa) as the abandonment (nyāsa) of actions performed with a desire (kāmyānāṃ karmaṇām) for results. The discerning ones (vicakṣaṇāḥ) declare relinquishment (tyāga) to be the abandonment of the fruits of all actions (sarvakarmaphalatyāgam).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- श्रीभगवान् (śrībhagavān) - the Blessed Lord
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- काम्यानाम् (kāmyānām) - of desirable, of actions performed with desire
- कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions (karma) (of actions, of deeds)
- न्यासम् (nyāsam) - abandonment, relinquishment
- संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - renunciation (saṃnyāsa) (renunciation, asceticism)
- कवयः (kavayaḥ) - the wise ones, poets
- विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand
- सर्वकर्मफलत्यागम् (sarvakarmaphalatyāgam) - the abandonment of the fruits of all actions (karma) (the abandonment of the fruits of all actions)
- प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they say
- त्यागम् (tyāgam) - relinquishment (tyāga) (relinquishment, abandonment)
- विचक्षणाः (vicakṣaṇāḥ) - the discerning ones, the wise, experts
Words meanings and morphology
श्रीभगवान् (śrībhagavān) - the Blessed Lord
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śrībhagavat
śrībhagavat - the Blessed Lord, glorious, divine
Compound type : bahuvrihi (śrī+bhagavat)
- śrī – prosperity, glory, divine grace
noun (feminine) - bhagavat – possessing fortune, glorious, divine, lord
adjective (masculine)
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
perfect active
from root vac, perfect tense, 3rd person singular
Root: vac (class 2)
काम्यानाम् (kāmyānām) - of desirable, of actions performed with desire
(adjective)
Genitive, neuter, plural of kāmya
kāmya - desirable, wished for, longed for
gerundive/passive participle
from root kam (to desire)
Root: kam (class 1)
कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions (karma) (of actions, of deeds)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of karman
karman - action, deed, work, ritual
from root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
न्यासम् (nyāsam) - abandonment, relinquishment
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nyāsa
nyāsa - placing down, deposit, abandonment, relinquishment
from ni-as
Prefix: ni
Root: as (class 2)
संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - renunciation (saṃnyāsa) (renunciation, asceticism)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃnyāsa
saṁnyāsa - renunciation, asceticism, abandoning
from sam-ni-as
Prefixes: sam+ni
Root: as (class 2)
कवयः (kavayaḥ) - the wise ones, poets
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kavi
kavi - wise man, sage, poet, seer
विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid
present active
from root vid, present tense, 3rd person plural
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Root is 2nd class, but some forms are 6th class. Here, viduḥ from 2nd class 'vid' (to know)
सर्वकर्मफलत्यागम् (sarvakarmaphalatyāgam) - the abandonment of the fruits of all actions (karma) (the abandonment of the fruits of all actions)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sarvakarmaphalatyāga
sarvakarmaphalatyāga - the relinquishment of the fruits of all actions
Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+karman+phala+tyāga)
- sarva – all, every
pronoun/adjective - karman – action, deed, work
noun (neuter)
from root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8) - phala – fruit, result, consequence
noun (neuter) - tyāga – abandonment, relinquishment
noun (masculine)
from root tyaj
Root: tyaj (class 1)
प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they say
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pra-ah
perfect active
from pra-ah (a variant of vac), perfect tense, 3rd person plural
Prefix: pra
Root: ah (class 2)
Note: Derived from pra-√ah, often used as an equivalent to √vac in perfect forms.
त्यागम् (tyāgam) - relinquishment (tyāga) (relinquishment, abandonment)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tyāga
tyāga - abandonment, relinquishment, sacrifice
from root tyaj
Root: tyaj (class 1)
विचक्षणाः (vicakṣaṇāḥ) - the discerning ones, the wise, experts
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vicakṣaṇa
vicakṣaṇa - discerning, clever, wise, expert
from vi-cakṣ
Prefix: vi
Root: cakṣ (class 2)
Note: Functions as a noun here, referring to 'the discerning ones'.