योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-8, verse-5

योऽयमर्थं प्रार्थयते तदर्थं यतते तथा ।
सोऽवश्यं तदवाप्नोति न चेच्छ्रान्तो निवर्तते ॥ ५ ॥

yo'yamarthaṃ prārthayate tadarthaṃ yatate tathā ,
so'vaśyaṃ tadavāpnoti na cecchrānto nivartate 5

5. yaḥ ayam artham prārthayate tadartham yatate tathā
saḥ avaśyam tat avāpnoti na cet śrāntaḥ nivartate

5. yaḥ ayam artham prārthayate tathā tadartham yatate,
saḥ (tam) avaśyam avāpnoti,
cet śrāntaḥ na nivartate (tarhi avaśyam avāpnoti)

5. Whoever desires a certain goal (artha) and strives for that purpose, he certainly attains it, unless he becomes exhausted and gives up.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - Introduces the general subject of the statement. (who, whoever (masculine singular).)

• अयम् (ayam) - Emphasizes the individual being spoken about, general but specific. (this, this one (masculine singular).)

• अर्थम् (artham) - The desired objective or aim that one seeks to achieve. (goal, purpose, object, wealth.)

• प्रार्थयते (prārthayate) - Actively wishing for or pursuing a specific aim. (desires, seeks, requests, prays for.)

• तदर्थम् (tadartham) - Refers to the previously mentioned goal (`artham`) and the pursuit of it. (for that purpose, for that goal.)

• यतते (yatate) - The active effort put into achieving the desired goal. (strives, endeavors, exerts oneself.)

• तथा (tathā) - Refers to the nature of the striving, implying earnestness or consistency. (thus, in that manner, so.)

• सः (saḥ) - Correlative pronoun referring to 'whoever'. (he, that one (masculine singular).)

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - Emphasizes the inevitability of achieving the goal if one persists. (certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly.)

• तत् (tat) - Refers back to the `artham` (goal). (that (neuter singular).)

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - The successful realization of the desired goal. (attains, obtains, reaches.)

• न (na) - Negates the following condition, forming 'unless'. (not, no.)

• चेत् (cet) - Introduces the exception to the rule of attainment. (if.)

• श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - Describes the state of giving up due to fatigue or lack of perseverance. (tired, exhausted, wearied.)

• निवर्तते (nivartate) - The act of ceasing one's efforts and abandoning the pursuit. (turns back, desists, gives up, returns.)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - Introduces the general subject of the statement. (who, whoever (masculine singular).)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what.

Relative pronoun.

अयम् (ayam) - Emphasizes the individual being spoken about, general but specific. (this, this one (masculine singular).)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one.

Demonstrative pronoun.

अर्थम् (artham) - The desired objective or aim that one seeks to achieve. (goal, purpose, object, wealth.)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth, goal.

From root `ṛ` (to go, attain) or `arth` (to seek).

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Direct object of `prārthayate`.

प्रार्थयते (prārthayate) - Actively wishing for or pursuing a specific aim. (desires, seeks, requests, prays for.)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of prārth

Present tense, class 10 (or a derived denominative from `arth` with `prā`), middle voice.

From `prā` + root `arth` (to seek), present middle indicative, third person singular.

Prefix: prā

Root: ṛdh (class 5)

तदर्थम् (tadartham) - Refers to the previously mentioned goal (`artham`) and the pursuit of it. (for that purpose, for that goal.)

(indeclinable)

`tad` (that) + `artha` (purpose). Used adverbially.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (tad+artha)

• tad – that, it.
  pronoun (neuter)
  Demonstrative pronoun.
• artha – purpose, goal, sake.
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ṛ` (to go, attain) or `arth` (to seek).
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

यतते (yatate) - The active effort put into achieving the desired goal. (strives, endeavors, exerts oneself.)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of yat

Present tense, class 1, middle voice.

Root `yat`, present middle indicative, third person singular.

Root: yat (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - Refers to the nature of the striving, implying earnestness or consistency. (thus, in that manner, so.)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

सः (saḥ) - Correlative pronoun referring to 'whoever'. (he, that one (masculine singular).)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it.

Demonstrative/correlative pronoun.

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - Emphasizes the inevitability of achieving the goal if one persists. (certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly.)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Root: vaś

तत् (tat) - Refers back to the `artham` (goal). (that (neuter singular).)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it.

Demonstrative pronoun.

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - The successful realization of the desired goal. (attains, obtains, reaches.)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of āp

Present tense, class 5, active voice.

From `ava` + root `āp`, present active indicative, third person singular.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Main verb of the consequence clause.

न (na) - Negates the following condition, forming 'unless'. (not, no.)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

चेत् (cet) - Introduces the exception to the rule of attainment. (if.)

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle.

श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - Describes the state of giving up due to fatigue or lack of perseverance. (tired, exhausted, wearied.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrānta

śrānta - tired, exhausted, wearied, desisted.

Past Passive Participle

From root `śram` (to be weary) + `kta` suffix.

Root: śram (class 4)

निवर्तते (nivartate) - The act of ceasing one's efforts and abandoning the pursuit. (turns back, desists, gives up, returns.)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛt

Present tense, class 1, middle voice.

From `ni` + root `vṛt`, present middle indicative, third person singular.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the exception clause.