योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-117, verse-20

निद्राकालानुभूतेऽर्थे निद्रान्ते प्रत्ययो हि यः ।
स स्वप्नः कथितस्तस्य महाजाग्रत्स्थितेर्हृदि ॥ २० ॥

nidrākālānubhūte'rthe nidrānte pratyayo hi yaḥ ,
sa svapnaḥ kathitastasya mahājāgratsthiterhṛdi 20

20. nidrākālānubhūte arthe nidrānte pratyayaḥ hi yaḥ
saḥ svapnaḥ kathitaḥ tasya mahājāgratsthiteḥ hṛdi

20. nidrākālānubhūte arthe nidrānte yaḥ pratyayaḥ hi,
saḥ mahājāgratsthiteḥ tasya hṛdi svapnaḥ kathitaḥ.

20. Indeed, that cognition (pratyaya) which arises in the mind (hṛdi) at the end of sleep (nidrānta), concerning an object (artha) experienced during the state of sleep (nidrā-kāla), is declared to be a dream (svapna) for one abiding in the 'great waking state' (mahājāgrat-sthiti).

Words meanings summery:

• निद्राकालानुभूते (nidrākālānubhūte) - concerning an object experienced during the state of sleep (in an object/matter experienced during the time of sleep)

• अर्थे (arthe) - concerning an object (artha) (in the object, in the matter, regarding the purpose)

• निद्रान्ते (nidrānte) - at the end of sleep (nidrānta) (at the end of sleep)

• प्रत्ययः (pratyayaḥ) - cognition (pratyaya) (cognition, belief, mental impression)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (which, who (relative pronoun))

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to 'pratyayaḥ') (that, he (demonstrative pronoun))

• स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - a dream (svapna) (dream, sleep)

• कथितः (kathitaḥ) - is declared (declared, said, described)

• तस्य (tasya) - for one (of that person) (of that, his)

• महाजाग्रत्स्थितेः (mahājāgratsthiteḥ) - of one abiding in the 'great waking state' (mahājāgrat-sthiti) (of one abiding in the great waking state)

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the mind (hṛdi) (in the heart, in the mind, in the core)

Words meanings and morphology

निद्राकालानुभूते (nidrākālānubhūte) - concerning an object experienced during the state of sleep (in an object/matter experienced during the time of sleep)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nidrākālānubhūta

nidrākālānubhūta - experienced during the time of sleep

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound of nidrā (sleep) + kāla (time) + anubhūta (experienced)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nidrā+kāla+anubhūta)

• nidrā – sleep
  noun (feminine)
• kāla – time, period
  noun (masculine)
• anubhūta – experienced, felt
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From anu + bhū (to experience)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to the 'artha' (object).

अर्थे (arthe) - concerning an object (artha) (in the object, in the matter, regarding the purpose)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - object, thing, matter, purpose, meaning, wealth

Note: Refers to the subject of the cognition.

निद्रान्ते (nidrānte) - at the end of sleep (nidrānta) (at the end of sleep)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nidrānta

nidrānta - end of sleep

Compound of nidrā (sleep) + anta (end)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nidrā+anta)

• nidrā – sleep
  noun (feminine)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

प्रत्ययः (pratyayaḥ) - cognition (pratyaya) (cognition, belief, mental impression)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyaya

pratyaya - conviction, belief, trust, certainty, mental impression, idea, cognition, cause, reason

Derived from prati + i (to go, to approach)

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: The cognition that is being described.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - which (which, who (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to 'pratyayaḥ') (that, he (demonstrative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - a dream (svapna) (dream, sleep)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - sleep, dream, dreaming

From root svap (to sleep)

Root: svap (class 2)

कथितः (kathitaḥ) - is declared (declared, said, described)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathita

kathita - told, said, declared, narrated, described

Past Passive Participle

From root kath (to tell, say)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Functions as a predicate verb, completing the statement about 'svapnaḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - for one (of that person) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Possessive, referring to the person experiencing the dream.

महाजाग्रत्स्थितेः (mahājāgratsthiteḥ) - of one abiding in the 'great waking state' (mahājāgrat-sthiti) (of one abiding in the great waking state)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahājāgratsthita

mahājāgratsthita - one abiding in the great waking state

Compound of mahājāgrat (great waking) + sthita (abiding/standing, PPP of sthā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahājāgrat+sthita)

• mahājāgrat – great waking state
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jāgṛ (class 2)
• sthita – abiding, standing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sthā (to stand, abide)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the 'tasya' (of that person).

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the mind (hṛdi) (in the heart, in the mind, in the core)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, soul, core

Note: Indicates the location where the cognition arises.

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